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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp2 (2026): Recent Advances in Agriculture

Phenological behaviour, growth, biomass partitioning and yield of black rice (Oryza sativa L.) under levels and sources of nitrogen

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.12203
Submitted
10 October 2025
Published
21-05-2026

Abstract

Proper nitrogen (N) management is crucial to unlock the productivity potential of black rice. Hence, a trial on N levels and sources was conducted in Bhubaneswar during kharif 2024 to assess the effects of treatments on crop performance.  The sources comprised different proportions of urea and farmyard manure (FYM). The 3 levels of N kg ha-1, viz. L1:30, L2:60 and L3:90 and 5 sources of N viz. S1: Urea (100 % N), S2: FYM (100 % N), S3: Urea (75 % N) + FYM (25 % N), S4: Urea (50 % N) + FYM (50 % N), S5: Urea (25 % N) + FYM (75 % N) were evaluated in split plot design with 3 replications. The application of 90 kg N ha-1 took the maximum number of days to reach 50 % flowering and physiological maturity (PM). Biomass partitioning to leaves decreased after 50–75 days after transplanting (DAT), whereas stem biomass decreased after 100 DAT. Biomass partitioning to panicle started at 75 DAT and increased continuously till PM. Application of 60 and 90 kg N ha-1 recorded significantly higher growth parameters, yield attributes and yield than 30 kg N ha-1. Among the sources, the application of 75 % N as urea and 25 % N as FYM outperformed the other combinations. Application of 90 kg N ha-1 as  Urea N 75 % + FYM N 25 % gave the maximum grain and straw yields of 4.137 and 4.912 t ha-1, respectively and was at par with 60 kg N ha-1 through Urea N 75 % + FYM N 25 %. Application of 45 kg N   ha-1 through urea and 15 kg N through FYM saved nitrogenous fertiliser by one-third and hence, may be adopted by farmers for ensuring proper growth of black rice and maximising yield under the coastal plains of Eastern India.

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