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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp5 (2026): Recent Advances in Agriculture

Multivariate analysis and phenotypic characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for identification of short-duration and high-yielding lines

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.12825
Submitted
19 November 2025
Published
01-07-2026

Abstract

This study evaluated the performance of 27 rice genotypes during three consecutive kharif seasons (2019–2021) at the Rice Research Station, Kaul, India. The objective was to assess phenotypic diversity for morphological and grain quality traits to identify promising short-duration and high-yielding elite lines. The genotypes were evaluated under field conditions in a randomised block design with 3 replications. Pooled analysis of variance depicted a significant variation for all the studied traits. The advanced elite lines, IR 14 L 521 and HKR 16-35, were found to be the best performers for earliness, high yield, yield components and quality traits. It was observed that the grain yield depicted a high positive association with days to flowering, number of panicles per m2, number of grains per panicle, test grain weight and head rice recovery. Principal component (PC) analysis showed that PC1 accounted for 26.96 % variation and was associated positively with grain yield, its components and quality traits. Cluster analysis divided the 27 genotypes of rice into 4 different clusters. Cluster 1 had a maximum number of genotypes (10), followed by Cluster 2 with two genotypes, Cluster 3 with 8 genotypes and Cluster 4 with 7 genotypes. The study identified IR 14 L 521, HKR 16-35 and HKR 128 as promising genotypes for breeding programs targeting early maturity, high yield and improved grain quality.

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