Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp5 (2026): Recent Advances in Agriculture

Potassium fertilisation scheduling for improved grain yield and antioxidant quality in black rice

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.13747
Submitted
20 January 2026
Published
10-09-2026

Abstract

Despite the recognised role of potassium (K) in crop productivity, limited research exists on how different K fertilisation schedules influence both grain yield and antioxidant quality in black rice. Therefore, a field study was conducted during kharif 2024 to assess the influence of K fertilisation schedules for improved grain yield and antioxidant status in black rice. The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design, with variety assigned to the main plots and K application schedules to the subplots and was replicated 3 times. Three rice varieties were: BPT 2841 (V1), Kala Bhat (V2) and RNR 15048 (V3). Four K application schedules were: K100-0-0 (100 % recommended dose of K (RDK) as basal), K50-50-0 (50 % RDK at basal + 50 % at active tillering), K50-0-50 (50 % RDK at basal + 50 % at panicle initiation) and K50-25-25 (50 % RDK at basal + 25 % at tillering + 25 % at panicle initiation). The data generated from the study concluded that, V2 recorded the highest available soil K (156.3 kg ha-1), total K content (0.48 %) and antioxidant properties (anthocyanin (57.72 mg 100 g-1), flavonoid (43.28 mg 100 g-1) and phenolic (614.53 mg 100 g-1)), while V3 produced the highest grain yield (4.84 Mg ha-1). Among application timings, the K50-25-25 split was most effective, enhancing soil K, total K in grain, yield and antioxidant levels. Three splits of K found were most effective to enhanced both quantity and quality of black rice grain

References

  1. 1. FAO. FAO statistical databases. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2025. http://faostat.fao.org
  2. 2. Jin ZQ, Peng SB, Nie LX. Active compounds: a new direction for rice value addition. Food Chem. 2023;19:100781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100781
  3. 3. Corinne B, Cappa C, Restani P, Sala M, Colombo F, Mercogliano F, et al. Physicochemical and nutritional quality of pigmented rice and bran: influence of milling and cooking. Food Sci Technol. 2024;208:116653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116653
  4. 4. Kumar N, Murali RD. Black rice: a novel ingredient in food processing. J Nutr Food Sci. 2020;10(2):771.
  5. 5. Das M, Dash U, Mahanand SS, Nayak PK, Kesavan RK. Black rice: a comprehensive review on its bioactive compounds, potential health benefits and food applications. Food Chem Adv. 2023;3:100462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2023.100462
  6. 6. Mrudhula AK, Krishna Veni B, Suneetha Y, Sunil Kumar M, Naik BSSS. Effect of nutrient management on growth, yield and quality parameters of black rice. Ecol Environ Conserv. 2023;29(Suppl):S181–6.
  7. 7. Samyor D, Das AB, Deka SC. Pigmented rice: a potential source of bioactive compounds - a review. Int J Food Sci Technol. 2017;52(5):1073–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13378
  8. 8. Chotimarkorn C, Benjakul S, Silalai N. Antioxidant components and properties of five long-grained rice bran extracts from commercially available cultivars in Thailand. Food Chem. 2008;111(3):636–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.04.031
  9. 9. Dambale AS, Goswami J, Sharma KK, Kurmi K, Das KN, Das R. Effect of different K management practices on growth and yield parameters of black rice (Oryza sativa L.) under system of rice intensification. Pharma Innov J. 2023;12(7):139–48.
  10. 10. Sharma S, Singh J. Split application of potassium improves yield and potassium uptake of rice under deficient soils. J Soil Water Conserv. 2021;20(2):213–20. https://doi.org/10.5958/2455-7145.2021.00027.8
  11. 11. Ahanger MA, Agarwal RM. Potassium up-regulates antioxidant metabolism and alleviates growth inhibition under water and osmotic stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Protoplasma. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1037-0
  12. 12. Jackson ML. Soil chemical analysis. 1st ed. New Delhi (India): Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd; 1973.
  13. 13. Pedro AC, Granato D, Rosso ND. Extraction of anthocyanins and polyphenols from black rice (Oryza sativa L.) by modeling and assessing their reversibility and stability. Food Chem. 2016;191:12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.045
  14. 14. Lees DH, Francis FJ. Standardization of pigment analyses in cranberries. HortScience. 1972;7(1):83–4. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.7.1.83
  15. 15. Gomez KA, Gomez AA. Statistical procedures for agricultural research. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1984. p. 680.
  16. 16. Devi MN, Luikham E. Influence of phosphorus and potassium on growth and yield of black aromatic rice (Chak-hao). Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2018;7(8):143–50. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.018
  17. 17. Hou W, Xue X, Li X, Khan MR, Yan J, Ren T, et al. Interactive effects of nitrogen and potassium on grain yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of rice in low potassium fertility soil in China. Field Crops Res. 2019;236:14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2019.03.006
  18. 18. Goufo P, Trindade H. Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol and phytic acid. Food Sci Nutr. 2014;2(2):75–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.86
  19. 19. Baligar VC, Bennett OL. Outlook on fertilizer use efficiency in the tropics. Fertil Res. 1986;10:83–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01073907
  20. 20. Islam MD, Price AH, Hallett PD. Effects of root growth of deep and shallow rooting rice cultivars in compacted paddy soils on subsequent rice growth. Rice Sci. 2023;30(5):459–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.017

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.