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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp7 (2026): International Conference on Agricultural Sustainability

Phenotypic appearance of maize plants in Langkat and Simalungun districts, North Sumatra, Indonesia

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.14376
Submitted
4 March 2026
Published
15-09-2026

Abstract

Maize is a potential commodity in Indonesia that is utilised as animal feed and raw material for the food industry. Plant breeding programmes are carried out to increase genetic diversity, which begins with observations of plant characterisation to identify phenotypic appearance and diversity of plant characters. This study aims to carry out the morphological characterisation of plants to identify the phenotypic appearance of the maize accessions in Langkat and Simalungun districts. This research was conducted in Langkat and Simalungun districts, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Morphological observations were made on qualitative and quantitative characters based on the maize descriptor guidebook of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Characters observed include leaf colour, stem colour, undulation of the margin of the blade, plant length, stem diameter and leaf length. The results showed that the 12 accessions of maize plants in Langkat and Simalungun districts displayed different and specific phenotypic appearances in some accessions based on qualitative and quantitative characters. The value of phenotypic variability in 12 accessions of maize plants also shows broad criteria for all characters.

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