Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)

Genetic analysis of bold seeded greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) genotypes for yield and yield component traits

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.14381
Submitted
4 March 2026
Published
21-07-2026 — Updated on 29-09-2026
Versions

Abstract

Greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is grown mainly in South and Southeast Asia and parts of Africa and it is cultivated during the kharif, rabi and summer seasons depending on climate and irrigation. The sprouted greengram is rich in antioxidants which helps in maintaining gut health as well as preventing cardiovascular diseases. In the present investigation, a total of 20 bold seeded accessions of greengram were evaluated for 10 quantitative traits viz., days to 50 % flowering, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (g) and seed yield per plot (g). High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) estimates were recorded for number of branches per plant (26.97, 20.97), number of pods per plant (25.66, 20.47) and seed yield per plant (27.29, 25.92). These traits also recorded high heritability (h2) along with high genetic advance as percent of mean. The PCV was slightly higher than the GCV which indicated that the expression of these traits is less influenced by environmental fluctuations. Estimates of correlation coefficient revealed positive and significant association of seed yield per plot with the number of pods per cluster (0.49). The principal component analysis indicates that the traits viz., number of branches per plant, number of pods per cluster and number of pods per plant are the most influential principal component traits governing 84 % of variation among the bold seeded greengram genotypes. Hence, number of branches per plant, number of pods per cluster and number of pods per plant should be given due to importance in selection programme for the development of bold seeded greengram varieties.

References

  1. 1. Cardon-Thomas DK, Riviere T, Tieges Z, Greig CA. Dietary protein in older adults: adequate daily intake but potential for improved distribution. Nutrients. 2017;9(3):184. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9030184
  2. 2. Karuppanapandian T, Karuppudurai T, Sinha PB, Kamarul HA, Manoharan K. Genetic diversity in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.)] landraces analyzed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Afr J Biotechnol. 2006;5(13). https://doi.org/10.4314/ajb.v5i13.43084
  3. 3. Arumuganathan K, Earle ED. Nuclear DNA content of some important plant species. Plant Mol Biol Rep. 1991;9(3):208–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02672069
  4. 4. Dhare SL, Patil VK, Kalpande HV. Assessment of genetic variances and effects for agronomic traits in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). Int J Adv Biochem Res. 2024;8(5):473–6. https://doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i5f.1108
  5. 5. Anwar F, Latif S, Przybylski R, Sultana B, Ashraf M. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of seeds of different cultivars of mungbean. J Food Sci. 2007;72(7):S503–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00462.x
  6. 6. Dahiya PK, Linnemann AR, Van Boekel MA, Khetarpaul N, Grewal RB, Nout MJR. Mung bean: technological and nutritional potential. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2015;55(5):670–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2012.671202
  7. 7. Jayamani P, Muthiah AR, Durairaj C, Pazhanivelan S, Kamalakanan A, Thiyagarajan K. Greengram Co 8: a high yielding, short duration variety with synchronized maturity. Madras Agric J. 2015;102. https://doi.org/10.29321/MAJ.10.201541
  8. 8. Dhare SL, Patil DK, Thakur NR, Pawar GS. Genetics of consumer-preferred morphological traits in contrasting parental crosses of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). Plant Breed. 2025;144(6):848–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.70009
  9. 9. Ganesan K, Xu B. A critical review on phytochemical profile and health promoting effects of mung bean (Vigna radiata). Food Sci Hum Wellness. 2018;7(1):11–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2017.11.002
  10. 10. Mishra GP, Dikshit HK, Tripathi K, Aski MS, Pratap A, Dasgupta U, et al. Mungbean breeding. In: Fundamentals of Field Crop Breeding. p. 1097. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9257-4_22
  11. 11. Bello OB, Ige SA, Azeez MA, Afolabi MS, Abdulmaliq SY, Mahamood J. Heritability and genetic advance for grain yield and its component characters in maize (Zea mays L.). Int J Plant Res. 2012;2(5):138–45. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.plant.20120205.01
  12. 12. Rao CM, Rao YK, Reddy MV. Evaluation of mungbean germplasm for yield and yield components. Legume Res. 2006;29(1):73–5.
  13. 13. Upadhyaya HD, Ortiz R, Bramel PJ, Singh S. Phenotypic diversity for morphological and agronomic characteristics in chickpea core collection. Euphytica. 2002;123(3):333–42. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015088417487
  14. 14. Burton GW. Quantitative inheritance in grasses. 1952. p. 277–83.
  15. 15. Johnson HW, Robinson HF, Comstock RE. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations in soybeans and their implications in selection. 1955. p. 477–83. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1955.00021962004700100008x
  16. 16. Lush JL. Intra-sire correlations or regressions of offspring on dam as a method of estimating heritability of characteristics. J Anim Sci. 1940;1940(1):293–301. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1940.19401293x
  17. 17. Katiyar M, Kumar S, Kumar N. Path analysis, association and variation of grain yield attributes in mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Int J Adv Res. 2015;3(6):2410–3.
  18. 18. Jeberson MS, Shashidhar KS, Wani SH, Singh AK. Multivariate analysis in mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) for genetic diversity under acidic soils of Manipur, India. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6(7):760–9. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.095
  19. 19. Kumar K, Prasad Y, Mishra SB, Pandey SS, Kumar R. Study on genetic variability, correlation and path analysis with grain yield and yield attributing traits in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Bioscan. 2013;8(4):1551–5.
  20. 20. Marappa N. Line × tester analysis in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Asian J Bio Sci. 2008;3(2):289–94.
  21. 21. Ragul S, Manivannan N, Mahalingam A. Genetic assessment of relationship for leaf shape toward yield traits among F5 progenies of interspecific cross derivatives of Vigna radiata × Vigna mungo. Electron J Plant Breed. 2020;11(3):939–44. https://doi.org/10.37992/2020.1103.152
  22. 22. Ramakrishnan CD, Savithramma D, Vijayabharathi A. Studies on genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield related traits in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2018;7(3):2753–61. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.703.318
  23. 23. Rabbani MA, Iwabuchi A, Murakami Y, Suzuki T, Takayanagi K. Phenotypic variation and the relationships among mustard (Brassica juncea L.) germplasm from Pakistan. Euphytica. 1998;101(3):357–66. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018305201279
  24. 24. Dasgupta T, Das PK. Multivariate analysis and selection of landraces from two provinces in Ethiopia. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 1996;43:395–407.
  25. 25. Patil DK, Dhare SL, Gite VK, Kalpande HV, Thakur NR, Pratap A, et al. Pre-breeding efforts through introgression of pre-harvest sprouting resistance genes from wild Vigna radiata var. sublobata into cultivated mungbean. Front Plant Sci. 2025;16:1689852. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1689852

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.