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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 13 No. sp7 (2026): International Conference on Agricultural Sustainability

Cotton mutant lines derived from gamma-ray irradiation show reduced lodging risk and multiple-harvest potential

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.14390
Submitted
4 March 2026
Published
07-09-2026

Abstract

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important cash crop supplying natural fibres for the textile industry, yet the availability of cultivars combining lodging resistance and multiple-harvest capability remains limited. This study evaluated gamma-ray-induced cotton mutant lines under field conditions in Bantaeng, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Seven genotypes were tested, consisting of one wild type (NIAB 999), two national varieties (Karisma and Kanesia 15) and four mutant lines (CN 4A, CN 2A, CN 2C and CN 1A). The mutant lines were derived from tissue-cultured immature embryos of NIAB 999 irradiated with 60Co gamma rays at a dose of 20 Gy. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 replications. Agronomic traits were recorded at budding and boll stage. The results showed at 90 days after planting (DAP), clear genotypic differences in plant height were observed, with Kanesia 15 exhibiting the tallest stature (166 cm), followed by NIAB 999 (152 cm), whereas CN 1A was markedly shorter (94 cm). Despite continuous wind exposure, mutant lines, particularly CN 4A, combined reduced plant height, internode length and stem diameter with adequate numbers of generative branches and bolls. Moreover, mutant lines-initiated harvest earlier (115 DAP) and supported up to three sequential harvests at two-week intervals, whereas the wild-type NIAB 999 matured later (130 DAP) and lacked comparable harvest flexibility. These results demonstrate that gamma-ray irradiation successfully generated cotton mutant lines with reduced lodging risk and enhanced multiple-harvest potential.

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