Effect of heavy metals on the pigmentation and photosynthetic capability in Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2490

Keywords:

Heavy Metals, Jacobaea maritima, Leaf stomatal conductance, Photosynthetic rate, Photosynthetic active radiation, Transpiration rate

Abstract

Photosynthesis is a fundamental process in plants that enables them to produce their own food. However, this process can be influenced by multiple factors including external factors such as sunlight, nutrients availability and gas concentrations. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of heavy metal stress on the plant Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden. Three different heavy metals, namely cadmium, chromium, and lead, were applied to the plants at five concentrations ranging from 50-250 ppm (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250). The growth of the plants was observed, and several parameters including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), leaf stomatal conductance (C), and the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) were measured. The results revealed that the chlorophyll content was higher in the Cr150 concentration (5.47±0.4). The chlorophyll values for Pb-100 (9.4±0.35) and Pb-250 (9.8±0.26) were in close proximity to each other. The Cd-100 concentration showed the highest chlorophyll content. The net photosynthetic rate was least affected in Pb-150 (30.98±0.75), while Cr-100 (4.05±0.09) exhibited the greatest impact. Transpiration rate increased slightly in plants treated with Pb, but significantly decreased in Cd-treated plants. The Cr-50 concentration (0.19±0.02) showed the lowest transpiration rate. Leaf stomatal conductance was reduced significantly in all treated plants, with Cr-100 showing the least variation (2298.25±1.85). The photosynthetic active radiation capability was reduced in all treated plants, with Pb-treated plants exhibiting nominal reduction and Cd- and Cr-treated plants experiencing substantial reduction. Statistical analysis confirmed significant variations in the measured parameters following heavy metal treatment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Mifsud S. Jacobaea maritima subsp. sicula (Sicilian Silver Ragwort): MaltaWildPlants.com - the online Flora of the Maltese Islands. 2002 Aug 23 [cited 2023 May 5]; Available from: https://maltawildplants.com/ASTR/Jacobaea_maritima_subsp_sicula.php

Passalacqua NG, Peruzzi L, Pellegrino G. A biosystematic study of the Jacobaea maritima group (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) in the Central Mediterranean area. Taxon. 2008 Aug;57(3):893-906. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.573018

Maggio A, Venditti A, Senatore F, Bruno M, Formisano C. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden and Jacobaea maritima subsp. bicolor (Willd.) B. Nord. & Greuter (Asteraceae) collected wild in Croatia and Sicily respectively. Nat Prod Res. 2015;29(9):857-63. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2014.991928

Chandra R, Kang H. Mixed heavy metal stress on photosynthesis, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content in poplar hybrids. Forest Sci Technol. 2016 Apr 2;12(2):55-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2015.1044024

Olowoyo JO, Okedeyi OO, Mkolo NM, Lion GN, Mdakane STR. Uptake and translocation of heavy metals by medicinal plants growing around a waste dump site in Pretoria, South Africa. S Afr J Bot. 2012 Jan 1;78:116-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.05.010

Nasim SA, Dhir B. Heavy metals alter the potency of medicinal plants. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010;203:139-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1352-4_5

Baek SA, Han T, Ahn SK, Kang H. Effects of heavy metals on plant growths and pigment contents in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Pathol [Internet]. 2012; Available from: https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201201052161369.page https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.NT.01.2012.0006

CI-710s Spectravue leaf spectrometer [Internet]. CID Bio-Science. 2023 [cited 2023Mar4]. Available from: https://cid-inc.com/plant-science-tools/leaf-spectroscopy/ci-710-miniature-leaf-spectrometer/

CI-340 handheld photosynthesis system [Internet]. CID Bio-Science. 2023 [cited 2023Mar4]. Available from: https://cid-inc.com/plant-science-tools/photosynthesis-measurement-plants/ci-340-handheld-phot-osynthesis-system

Kouser A, Khan AA. Chromium induced changes in growth and physiological attributes of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), an important medicinal plant. Plant Sci Today. 2021 Jul 1;8(3):509-16. https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.3.1120

Rai V, Khatoon S, Rawat AKS, Mehrotra S. Disruption of elements uptake due to excess chromium in Indian medicinal plants. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2007 Winter;120(1-3):127-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-0071-3

Gupta P, Khatoon S, Tandon PK, Rai V. Effect of cadmium on growth, bacoside A and bacopaside I of Bacopa monnieri (L.), a memory enhancing herb. Scientific World Journal. 2014 Jan 30;2014:824586. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/824586

Jia L, Liu Z, Chen W, Ye Y, Yu S, He X. Hormesis effects induced by cadmium on growth and photosynthetic performance in a hyperaccumulator, Lonicera japonica Thunb. J Plant Growth Regul. 2015 Mar 1;34(1):13-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-014-9433-1

Al-Khayri JM, Banadka A, Rashmi R, Nagella P, Alessa FM, Almaghasla MI. Cadmium toxicity in medicinal plants: An overview of the tolerance strategies, biotechnological and omics approaches to alleviate metal stress. Front Plant Sci. 2022;13:1047410. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1047410

Rajendra Kumar et al, Allelopathic effect Abutilon indicum and Parthenium hysterophorus on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 2017;6(1):808-10. https://doi.org/10.21275/ART20164232

Gupta DK, Nicoloso FT, Schetinger MR, Rossato LV, Huang HG, Srivastava S et al. Lead induced responses of Pfaffia glomerata, an economically important Brazilian medicinal plant, under in vitro culture conditions. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Mar;86(3):272-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-011-0226-y

Venkatachalam P, Jayalakshmi N, Geetha N, Sahi SV, Sharma NC, Rene ER et al. Accumulation efficiency, genotoxicity and antioxidant defense mechanisms in medicinal plant Acalypha indica L. under lead stress. Chemosphere. 2017 Mar;171:544-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.092

Durgapal S, Juyal V, Verma A. In vitro antioxidant and ex vivo anti-cataract activity of ethanolic extract of Cineraria maritima: A traditional plant from Nilgiri hills. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021 May 22;7(1):1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00258-8

Maleki M, Ghorbanpour M, Kariman K. Physiological and antioxidative responses of medicinal plants exposed to heavy metals stress. Plant Gene. 2017 Sep 1;11:247-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plgene.2017.04.006

[No title] [Internet]. [cited 2023 Mar 4]. Available from: https://rb.gy/3p8cq

Zhang H, Xu Z, Guo K, Huo Y, He G, Sun H et al. Toxic effects of heavy metal Cd and Zn on chlorophyll, carotenoid metabolism and photosynthetic function in tobacco leaves revealed by physiological and proteomics analysis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Oct 1;202:110856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110856

cidbioscience. How to analyze photosynthesis in plants: Methods and Tools [Internet]. CID Bio-Science. 2022 [cited 2023Mar4]. Available from: https://cid-inc.com/blog/how-to-analyze-photosynthesis-in-plants-methods-and-tools/

Chandra S, Lata H, Khan IA, Elsohly MA. Photosynthetic response of Cannabis sativa L., an important medicinal plant, to elevated levels of CO2. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2011 Jul;17(3):291-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-011-0066-6

Mosaleeyanon K, Zobayed SMA, Afreen F, Kozai T. Relationships between net photosynthetic rate and secondary metabolite contents in St. John’s wort. Plant Sci. 2005 Sep 1;169(3):523-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.05.002

Ogbonna CE, Nwafor FI, Nweze NO. Dust pollution reduced stomatal conductance and photosynthetic pigments of selected medicinal plants growing at Lokpa Ukwu quarry site in Abia State, Nigeria. Annual Research and Review in Biology. 2019;1-11. https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2019/v34i630173

Allen M. The SAGE encyclopedia of communication research methods. SAGE Publications, Incorporated. 2017; 2013 p. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483381411

Rai V, Tandon PK, Khatoon S. Effect of chromium on antioxidant potential of Catharanthus roseus varieties and production of their anticancer alkaloids: vincristine and vinblastine. Biomed Res Int. 2014 Mar 10;2014:934182. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/934182

Souri Z, Cardoso AA, da-Silva CJ, Oliveira LM, Dari B, Sihi D et al. Heavy metals and photosynthesis: Recent developments [Internet]. Photosynthesis, productivity and environmental stress. Wiley; 2019; p. 107-34. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781119501800.ch7 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119501800.ch7

Rai R, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Impact of heavy metals on physiological processes of plants: With special reference to photosynthetic system. In: Singh A, Prasad SM, Singh RP editors. Plant Responses to Xenobiotics. Singapore: Springer Singapore. 2016; p. 127-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2860-1_6

Carlson RW, Bazzaz FA, Rolfe GL. The effect of heavy metals on plants II. Net photosynthesis and transpiration of whole corn and sunflower plants treated with Pb, Cd and Tl. Environ Res. 1975 Aug;10(1):113-20.

Wahid A, Ghani A, Javed F. Effect of cadmium on photosynthesis, nutrition and growth of mungbean. Agron Sustain Dev. 2008 Jun 1;28(2):273-80. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2008010

Parmar P, Kumari N, Sharma V. Structural and functional alterations in photosynthetic apparatus of plants under cadmium stress. Bot Stud. 2013 Dec;54(1):45. https://doi.org/10.1186/1999-3110-54-45

Rai V, Vajpayee P, Singh SN, Mehrotra S. Effect of chromium accumulation on photosynthetic pigments, oxidative stress defense system, nitrate reduction, proline level and eugenol content of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Plant Sci. 2004 Nov 1;167(5):1159-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.06.016

Panda SK, Choudhury S. Chromium stress in plants. Braz J Plant Physiol. 2005 Mar;17(1):95-102. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202005000100008

Ferreyroa GV, Lagorio MG, Trinelli MA, Lavado RS, Molina FV. Lead effects on Brassica napus photosynthetic organs. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017 Jun;140:123-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.02.031

Published

28-07-2023 — Updated on 02-10-2023

Versions

How to Cite

1.
Kamal S WJ, Xavier J. Effect of heavy metals on the pigmentation and photosynthetic capability in Jacobaea maritima (L.) Pelser & Meijden. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2023 Oct. 2 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];10(4):192-7. Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/2490

Issue

Section

Research Articles