Iron (Fe) Nutrient Dynamics in Oil Palm Leaves

Rinjani Alpiriantho Sinaga; Bambang Joko Priatmadi; Gusti Irya  Ichriani; Joko Purnomo; Sukarman; Septa  Primananda; Fadri Togihon Sibarani

doi:10.14719/pst.3768

Authors

Rinjani Alpiriantho Sinaga Doctoral Program of Agricultural Science, Postgraduate Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4156-4838
Bambang Joko Priatmadi Study Program of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-0864
Gusti Irya Ichriani Study Program of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3415-6092
Joko Purnomo Study Program of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3074-7891
Sukarman Wilmar International Plantation, Central Kalimantan Region, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0628-8584
Septa Primananda Wilmar International Plantation, Central Kalimantan Region, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6646-9780
Fadri Togihon Sibarani Wilmar International Plantation, Central Kalimantan Region, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3700-0899

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3768

Keywords:

Fe deficiency, oil palm, leaf nutrients, nutrient absorption, plant adaptation

Abstract

Iron (Fe) management is crucial in cultivating oil palm, especially in sandy soils, due to its essential role in supporting photosynthesis and palm metabolism, directly influencing the quality and productivity of oil palms. This study aimed to explore the dynamics of Fe deficiency in oil palm leaves in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Using a Split Plot Design, the study compared plant conditions between the control (T0) and three levels of Fe deficiency: low (T1), moderate (T2), and severe (T3). Palm samples were selected using the purposive sampling method. Laboratory analysis of leaf samples indicated a significant decrease in Fe content in deficient palms, with levels of 41.49 µg/g in T1, 42.59 µg/g in T2, and 38.93 µg/g in T3, compared to the control group, which had 67.25 µg/g. The study also revealed that Fe deficiency affects the absorption of other macro and micronutrients. For instance, nitrogen levels increased under moderate Fe deficiency (2.57%), while potassium levels decreased (0.729%) at the same level. Despite the Fe deficiency, the plants adapted by maintaining other nutrient levels within a moderate range. Under severe Fe deficiency conditions, Cu levels reached their highest (5.868 µg/g), while Fe showed a significant decrease. This confirms that oil palm has complex nutrient adaptation and regulation mechanisms to maintain nutrient balance even under deficient conditions. These results emphasize the importance of Fe management in oil palm plantations, especially in sandy soils that are prone to nutrient deficiency.

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