Growth and yield of irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by mechanization and nutrient management practices

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4777

Keywords:

drip tape irrigation, inclined plate planter, nutrient management, RDF

Abstract

Maize is a dominant and promising crop grown in almost all regions throughout the year for various purposes, owing to its wide adaptability. In India, the productivity of maize is low, which can be attributed to usage of conventional varieties, inadequate supply of organic and inorganic fertilizers, low adoption of mechanization practices, and the indiscriminate use of pesticides and fungicides etc. Among these factors, mechanization and nutrient management practices play a critical role in influencing productivity through supply of nutrients and ensuring timeliness of operations. Keeping in view the above facts, field experiments were conducted in the Department of Agronomy and the Department of Millets during Kharif seasons of 2018, 2019 and 2020 to study the growth and yield of irrigated maize as influenced by mechanization practices and nutrient management strategies. The results of mechanization experiment revealed that T3 - sowing by inclined plate planter (75 × 20 cm – drip tape irrigation) + spraying of pre-emergence herbicide (3 days after sowing (DAS) - after irrigation) + weeding by power weeder (30 - 35 DAS) achieved higher grain yield (5549 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 58, 158 ha-1), and B:C ratio (2.66). The results of nutrient management experiments revealed that the application of 250:75:75 kg NPK/ha (100% the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) achieved higher grain yield (7327 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 73518/ha) and B: C ratio (2.50) in maize (T2).

Downloads

References

Manjulatha G, Rajanikanth E, Sowjanya B, Rani UG. Impact of mechanization under maize cultivation in Karimnagar district of Telangana state, India for enhanced profitability. Theor Biol Forum. 2022;27-33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7466071

Jagadeeshwar R, Ramanjaneyulu AV, Rajaiah P, Vijay Kumar M, Sudhaker C, Manjulatha G. Role of mechanization in crop residue management in Telangana. Chronicle Bioresou Manag. 2021;5(2):69-76.

Sagar MS, Shankar T, Manasa P, Sairam M. Present status and future prospects of maize cultivation in south Odisha. Intl J Bio Sci. 2019;6(1):27-33. https://doi.org/10.30954/2347-9655.01.2019

Mishra SK, Shrestha S, Jha SK, Sanjeet M. Performance evaluation of 4-wheel tractor drawn 3-rows precision maize planter for mechanization of maize farming in Nepal. Veethika: Int Interdiscip Res J. 2023;9:25-30. https://doi.org/10.48001/veethika.2023.09.04.003

Bamboriya JS, Purohit HS, Naik BS, Pramanick B, Bamboriya SD, Bamboriya SD, et al. Monitoring the effect of integrated nutrient management practices on soil health in maize-based cropping system. Crop Bio Sus. 2023;7:1242806. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1242806

Muchhadiya RM, Kumawat PD, Sakarvadia HL, Muchhadiya PM. Weed management with the use of nano-encapsulated herbicide formulations: A review. J Pharm Innov. 2022;11(12):2068-75.

Adhikari K, Bhandari S, Aryal K, Mahato M, Shrestha J. Effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. J Agric Nat Resour. 2021; 4(2):48-62. https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33656

Adhikary BH, Baral BR, Shrestha J. Productivity of winter maize as affected by varieties and fertilizer levels. Int J App Bio. 2020;4(1):85-93. https://doi.org/10.20956/ijab.v4i1.10192

Crop production guide. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. 2020; p.48.

Gomez KA, Gomez AA. Statistical procedures for agricultural research. John Wiley andSons; 2010.

Chauhan KR, Patel HF, Attar SK. Effect of weed management practices on weed control efficiency, yield, nutrient uptake and economics of summer maize (Zea mays) under humid tropic conditions. Res Crop. 2022;23(3):544-49. https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.ROC-856

Jadhav KT, Mane SS, Sathe RK, Gavande VS. Studies on weed management practices on growth and yield of kharif maize. J Soil Crop. 2023;33(1):147-51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10448130

Hirwe OR, Kumar S, Sri Hema K, Reddy PM, Kumar N, Nandana SK, et al. Different weed management techniques in maize (Zea mays L.): A review. Int J Plant and Soil Sci. 2023;35(13):179-91. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i133003

Muhammad F, Khan R, Shafique M. Optimizing atrazine application rates for efficacious weed control in maize cultivation. Indus J Agricul Bio. 2024;1(1):15-22.

Ethridge SR, Locke AM, Everman WJ, Jordan DL, Leon RG. Crop physiological considerations for combining variable- density planting to optimize seed costs and weed suppression. Weed Sci. 2022;70(6):687-97. https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2022.62

Thennavan S, Kathirvelan P, Vasuki V, Djanaguiraman M, Dhananchezhiyan P, Sangeetha SP. Optimizing establishment methods and weed management practices on growth, yield and economics of maize under irrigated condition. Int J Plant Sci. 2023;35(18):2095-105. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183497

Chaudhari DD, Patel VJ, Patel HK, Patel BD. Effect of weed control measures on weeds and yield of Rabi (winter) maize. Indian J Weed Sci. 2023;55(1):260-63. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2023.00048.5

Hargilas H. Effective weed management strategy for maize (Zea mays) under rainfed condition of southern Rajasthan. Indian J Agri Sci. 2020;90(4):693-98. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i4.102152

Ghrasiram KM, Kumar V, Kumar M, Laik RK. Effect of alone and tank mix application of herbicides on weed infestation and productivity of kharif maize (Zea mays L.). J Cere Res. 2020;12(3):264-69. http://doi.org/10.25174/2582- 2675/2020/104735

Shukla R, Bhatnagar A, Singh G, Singh DK, Rawat S, Kumar S. Effects of sequential and combined application of tank-mix herbicides on weed growth and productivity of maize (Zea mays). Indian J Agric Sci. 2023;93(10):1153-55. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.136325

Kakade SU, Deshmukh JP, Thakare SS, Solanke MS. Efficacy of pre-and post-emergence herbicides in maize. Ind J Weed Sci. 2020;52(1):143-46. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2020.00026.X

Divyanshi Y, Sidar RS, Singh VK, Sonamati N. Effect on weed dynamics, crop growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). Pharm Innov. 2022;11(8):1489-91.

Sharma P, Duary B, Aktar SN, Jaiswal DK, Bishoyi BS. Effect of tembotrione on weed growth and productivity of kharif maize (Zea mays L.). Int J Bio-resource Stress Manag. 2023;14:554-61. https://doi.org/10.23910/1.2023.3280

Shukla R, Bhatnagar A, Singh VP, Kumar N, Rawat A, Ali SA, et al. Effects of tank-mix herbicides on weed growth and maize productivity. Indian J Weed Sci. 2024;56:84-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2024.00014.5

Asraful AS, Satyam R. Effects of tank-mix herbicides on weed growth and maize productivity. Indian J Weed Sci. 2024;56(1):84-86. http://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2024.00014.5

Kumar M, Chawla JS. Comparative study on weed control efficacy of different pre-and post emergence herbicides in Kharif maize. Indian J Weed Sci. 2019;51(1):32-35. http://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2019.00007.8

Rathinavel S, Kavitha R, Mohankumar AP, Suthakar B, Surendrakumar A. Mechanization challenges in selected distinct agricultural systems in India. J Exp Agric Int. 2024;46(9):122-29. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i92811

Abirami S, Jaisridhar P, Kumar AP, Mohan, Sheela MS, Patil SG. Pioneering challenges: Exploring multifaceted obstacles in agricultural mechanization in Tamil Nadu, India. Int J Environ ClimChng. 2023;13(10):3745-53. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103047

Rani BS, Chandrika V, Reddy GP, Sudhakar P, Nagamadhuri KV, Sagar GK. Weed dynamics and nutrient uptake of maize as influenced by different weed management practices. Indian J Agric Res. 2022;56(3):283-89. http://doi.org/10.18805/IJARe.A-5500

Lamichhane JR, Soltani E. Sowing and seedbed management methods to improve establishment and yield of maize, rice and wheat across drought-prone regions: A review. J Agri Food Res. 2020;2:100089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100089

Iqbal S, Tahir S, Dass A, Bhat MA, Rashid Z. Bio-efficacy of pre-emergent herbicides for weed control in Maize: A review on weed dynamics evaluation. J Exp Agric Int. 2020;42:13-23. http://doi.org/10.9734/JEAI/2020/v42i830565

Rajaiah P, Padmaja B, Sreelatha D, Vijaya P. Performance of planters under different tillage practices on growth, yield, energy use efficiency and economics of rabi maize. Int J Environ Clim Chng. 2022;2289-99. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i1131223

Saimaheswari K, Sagar GK, Chandrika V, Sudhakar P, Krishna TG. Effect of nitrogen and weed management practices in maize and their residual effect on succeeding groundnut. Ind J Weed Sci. 2022;54(1):36-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2022.00006.5

Chandrawanshi A, Bagri PK, Karade R. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield parameters of maize (Zea mays L.). Int J Environ Clim Chng. 2024;14(3):630-37. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i34071

Golla G, Mintesnot A, Getachew M. Effect of nitrogen rate and intra-row spacing on yield and yield components of maize at Bako, Western Ethiopia. Afr J Agric Res. 2020;10:1464-71. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2018.13515

Kripa A, Bhandar S, Aryal K, Mahato M, Shrestha J. Effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties. J Agric Nat Resour. 2021;4(2):48-62. https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33656

Sahoo P, Singh T, Saini KS, Kaur J. Effect of residue incorporation and INM on productivity of spring maize (Zea mays) in rice (Oryza sativa) based cropping system. Ind J Agric Sci. 2024;94(1):80-85. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i1.143475

Published

19-01-2025 — Updated on 20-01-2025

Versions

How to Cite

1.
Sivamurugan AP, Surendrakumar A, Bharathi C, Karthikeyan R, Pazhanivelan S, Manivannan V, Shanmugapriya P. Growth and yield of irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by mechanization and nutrient management practices. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2025 Jan. 20 [cited 2025 Mar. 30];12(1). Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/4777

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 > >>