Production of virus-free quality planting material in banana (Musa spp.) variety CO 3 (ABB) through meristem culture

K Thanuja; R Arulmozhiyan; M S  Saraswathi; R Selvarajan; V Jegadeeswari; V R Babu

doi:10.14719/pst.6136

Authors

K Thanuja Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, India https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2548-641X
R Arulmozhiyan Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9754-1334
M S Saraswathi Crop Improvement, National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-4032
R Selvarajan Plant Virology, National Research Centre for Banana, Tiruchirappalli 620 102, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-3147
V Jegadeeswari Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8345-0570
V R Babu Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-3333

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6136

Keywords:

banana, CO 3, in vitro, micropropagation, meristem, tissue culture

Abstract

The rapid spread of pest and disease infestations significantly affects agricultural productivity and food security. Diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and other pathogens can severely impact plant health, leading to substantial crop losses. Some crop species, like banana (Musa spp.), transmit viral diseases mostly through vegetative propagules but very rarely through seeds. To address this issue, meristem culture was employed in the present study on the banana variety CO 3 (ABB) to produce virus-free plantlets. Meristem tips, ranging from 20-30 mm in size, were established on fullstrength MS medium supplemented with vitamins, ascorbic acid, myoinositol,
2 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L IAA during the initiation phase. MS medium with 3 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L IAA was optimal for multiple shoot formation, producing an average of 8.5 shoots per explant in 52.5 days. Regarding growth parameters, approximately 3.7 leaves per explant were observed, with an average leaf length of 4.56 cm and an average leaf width of 1.89 cm after the fifth subculture and before the rooting stage. The meristem tips (20-30 mm) of the CO 3 (ABB) variety produced approximately 92.5% virus-free plantlets with a survival rate of 86.5%. The derived plantlets were successfully hardened.

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