Edible Coatings: Classification, applications and innovations in food preservation

P Jamuna; K R Vijayalatha; AN Devi; V Jegadeeswari; RA Kumar; K Geetha; IG Lakshmi; TU Maheswari; T Anitha

doi:10.14719/pst.5263

Authors

P Jamuna Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-3322
K R Vijayalatha Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8021-150X
AN Devi Department of Vegetable Science, Dr. M.S. Swaminathan Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Eachankottai 614 902, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6397-7973
V Jegadeeswari Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8345-0570
RA Kumar Department of Horticulture, Coconut Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Veppankulam 614 906, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0720-2794
K Geetha Department of Horticulture, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2479-0652
IG Lakshmi Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3041-9571
TU Maheswari Department of Fruit Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7033-6410
T Anitha Department of Post Harvest Technology, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam 625 604, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0723-5948

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5263

Keywords:

edible coatings, fruits, postharvest, pre-harvest, shelf life

Abstract

The health of every individual heavily depends on the consumption of fruits. Although fruits are exceptionally healthy, their perishable characteristics pose difficulties for prolonged storage. Ineffective post-harvest techniques can impede the supply chain, leading to considerable losses for producers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reduce post-harvest losses to enhance agricultural productivity. Conventional post-harvest treatments involving synthetic chemicals are increasingly being recognized for their potential negative impacts on human health. In response, the use of bio-based edible coatings derived from plant materials is gaining significant attention and encouragement. Edible coatings effectively extend the shelf life of fruits by controlling oxidation, moisture loss, and gas exchange. Coatings enriched with bioactive materials create an additional protective layer that slows down respiration rates, thereby prolonging the freshness of the fruits. This review provides an abridged overview of edible coatings, discussing their applications and classifications, and concludes by emphasizing chitosan as one of the most effective compounds. Additionally, the review explores innovative materials and nanotechnology-based edible coatings, along with their application techniques for various fruits. These advancements aim to address supply chain challenges and enhance food security.

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