Conservation agriculture: A pathway to achieving sustainable development goals

S Rathika; T Ramesh; Mahajan  Akanksha; A Udhaya; M P Kavitha; S Subbulakshmi; A Selvarani; J Bhuvaneswari; D Rajakumar; S K Natarajan; R Jagadeesan; K Sakthivel; Siddique Ajmal

doi:10.14719/pst.6268

Authors

S Rathika Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute (ADAC&RI), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1579-7641
T Ramesh Department of Agronomy, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute (ADAC&RI), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9869-9515
Akanksha Mahajan Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6401-9654
A Udhaya Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3161-2485
M P Kavitha Department of Agronomy, Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vaigaidam 625 562, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8171-4069
S Subbulakshmi Department of Agronomy, Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kovilpatti 628 501, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-8084
A Selvarani Department of Agronomy, ICAR-KVK, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Thirupathisaram 629 901, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-3649
J Bhuvaneswari Department of Agronomy, VOC Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam 628 252, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0415-9575
D Rajakumar Department of Agronomy, VOC Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam 628 252, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-1322
S K Natarajan Department of Agronomy, Tapioca and Castor Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Yethapur 636 119, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6482-3276
R Jagadeesan Department of Horticulture, ICAR-KVK, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Virinjipuram 632 104, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4454-5910
K Sakthivel Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ADAC&RI, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6691-4644
Ajmal Siddique Department of Agronomy, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute (ADAC&RI), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirappalli 620 027, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2708-8941

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6268

Keywords:

conservation agriculture, food security, risk aversion, sustainable intensification, zero tillage

Abstract

Conservation agriculture (CA) is an approach to optimize farm and watershed performance. It integrates local and national economic systems while considering societal, environmental and institutional frameworks. This approach engages value chains supported by public, private and civil sectors. CA seeks to harmonize the use of natural resources with population needs, employing sustainable intensification to meet human demands effectively and preventing the loss of arable land. Conservation agriculture directly influences all sustainable development goals (SDGs) by leveraging the core principles of minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover and crop rotation. Conservation agriculture can prove to be a viable option for meeting the targets of the sustainable agenda. This practice supports environmental, social and economic justice, which creates a holistic developmental route that supports the burgeoning population. Conservation agriculture relies on a knowledge-based strategy to reduce production costs, enabling farmers to adopt new technologies more readily. While CA demonstrates significant benefits across scales, its adoption remains constrained by socioeconomic factors and limited mechanization in the smallholder context. Advancing CA requires a multidisciplinary, participatory research paradigm coupled with policy support, institutional support and capacity building for farmers. CA offers a sustainable framework that ensures sustainable intensification and environmental stewardship in the long term.

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