Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021)

Assessment of genetic divergence of Sesame seeds based on biochemical parameters

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.1.752
Submitted
13 February 2020
Published
01-01-2021

Abstract

The assessment of genetic divergence plays a significant role to identify promising genotypes to initiate crossing programme for crop improvement. The sesame being a nutritious oil seed crop containing various biochemical constituents used as a good dietary choice. The biochemical analysis was done taking freshly harvested seeds of eight (8) parental genotypes and twenty one (21) advance lines. The studies revealed that all the genotypes differed significantly among themselves for all the biochemical parameters including moisture content, oil content, its iodine number and saponification value, both crude and soluble protein, some mineral matters – Ca, P, Mn, Zn, Cu & Fe and Carbohydrate and ascorbic acid content. Mahalanobis generalized genetic distance using D² statistics for the assessment of genetic divergence amongst 29 genotypes based on biochemical parameters. All the genotypes were grouped into eleven distinct clusters. Maximum intra cluster divergence was noted against cluster IX with advance lines having black coloured seeds as its constituents. With regard to inter-cluster distance values the cluster X was mostly divergent from all other clusters and cluster II as the less divergent one from the rest. Cluster X with parental genotype B-14 was identified as superior cluster for the biochemical parameters on the basis of securing higher position for maximum number of characters. Constitution pattern clustering was independent of eco-geographical isolation. Promising segregants with higher oil yielding potentially may yield from inter se mating of advance line 14 and HT-1 with T-12, R-9 or advance lines 10, 14, 20.

References

  1. Bedigian D. Characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm: a critique. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2010;57(5):641-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-010-9552-x
  2. Devorajan S, Chatterjee B, Urata H, Zhang B, Ali A, Singh R et al. Enteral sesame oil therapeutically relieves disease severity in rat experimental osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 2016.
  3. Alpaslan M, Boydak E, Hayta M, Gerçek S, Simsek M. Effect of row space and irrigation on seed composition of Turkish sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 2001 Sep;78(9):933-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-001-0366-0
  4. Martinchik AN. Nutritional value of sesame seeds. VoprPitan. 2011;80(3):41-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1668.2011.01066.x
  5. Pathak N, Rai AK, Kumari R, Bhat KV. Value addition in sesame: A perspective on bioactive components for enhancing utility and profitability. Pharmacognosy reviews. 2014 Jul;8(16):147. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.134249
  6. Suja KP, Jayalekshmy A, Arumughan C. Free radical scavenging behavior of antioxidant compounds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in DPPH• system. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2004 Feb 25;52(4):912-15. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0303621
  7. Bedigian D, Seigler DS, Harlan JR. Sesamin, sesamolin and the origin of sesame. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 1985 May 23;13(2):133-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(85)90071-7
  8. Bedigian D. Evolution of sesame revisited: domestication, diversity and prospects. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 2003 Nov 1;50(7):779-87. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025085012808
  9. Cheng FC, Jinn TR, Hou RC, Tzen JT. Neuroprotective effects of sesamin and sesamolin on gerbil brain in cerebral ischemia. International Journal of Biomedical Science: IJBS. 2006 Sep;2(3):284.
  10. Menezes FG, Budowski P, Dollear FG. Sesame oil. II. Some chemical and physical properties of the oils from different varieties of sesame seed. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 1950 May;27(5):184-86. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02634414
  11. Yermanos DM, Hemstreet S, Saleeb W, Huszar CK. Oil content and composition of the seed in the world collection of sesame introductions. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 1972 Jan;49(1):20-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02545131
  12. Krishnamurthy K, Ramakrishnan TN, Rajagopalan R, Swaminathan M, Subrahmanyan V. The effect of heat processing on the trypsin inhibitor and nutritive value of protein of soybean. Ann. Biochem. Exp. Med. 1958;18:153-6.
  13. Krishnamurthy K, Tasker PK, Ramakrishnan TN, Rajagopalan R, Swaminathan M. Studies on the nutritive value of sesame seeds. 1. The amino-acid composition of the proteins and the chemical composition of white and black varieties of sesame seed and meal. Annals of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine. 1960;20:73-6.
  14. Carter FL, Cirino VO, Allen LE. Effect of processing on the composition of sesame seed and meal. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society. 1961 Mar 1;38(3):148-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02641238
  15. Tubiello FN, Salvatore M, Rossi S, Ferrara A, Fitton N, Smith P. The FAOSTAT database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Environmental Research Letters. 2013 Feb 12;8(1):015009.
  16. Oyeogbe A, Ogunshakin R, Vaghela S, Patel B. Towards sustainable intensification of sesame-based cropping systems diversification in northwestern India. Food Secur. 2015;3(1):1-5.
  17. FAOSTAT F. Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO statistical database Available from: http://faostat. fao. org. Accessed June. 2015;30.
  18. Duhoon, S.S. Exploitation of heterasis for raising productivity in sesame in new directions for a diverse planet: Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress, Brisbane, Australia 2004; Vol. 26.
  19. Ram SG, Sundaravelpandian K, Kumar M, Vinod KK, Bapu JK, Raveendran TS. Pollen–pistil interaction in the inter-specific crosses of Sesamum sp. Euphytica. 2006 Dec 1;152(3):379-85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9225-1
  20. Banerjee PP, Kole PC. Analysis of genetic architecture for some physiological characters in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Euphytica. 2009 Jul 1;168(1):11-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9871-6
  21. Tabatabaei I, Pazouki L, Bihamta MR, Mansoori S, Javaran MJ, Niinemets U. Genetic variation among Iranian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Accessions vis-a-vis exotic genotypes on the basis of morpho-physiological traits and rapd markers. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 2011;5(11):1396.
  22. Sadasivam S, Manikam A. Biochemical Methods for Agricultural Sciences. Wiley Eastern Limited and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Publication. 1992.
  23. Sankaram A. Laboratory Manual for Agriculture: Chemistry. Asia Publishing House; 1966.
  24. Jackson ML. Nitrogen determinations for soil and plant tissue. Soil Chemical Analysis. 1958:183-204.
  25. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1951;193:265-75.
  26. Jackson ML. Phosphorus determination for soils. In: Soil Chemical Analysis, Prentice-hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 1967; pp:134-82.
  27. Mahalanobis PC. On the generalized distance in statistics. National Institute of Science of India 1936.
  28. Rao CR. Advanced Statistical Method in Biometrics Research. John Wiley and Sons Ind. New York, 1952; pp 390.
  29. The Wealth of India Raw Materials, Vol. IX-Rh-So, Publications and Information Directorate, New Delhi. 1988;pp. 278-92.
  30. Dashak DA, Fali CN. Chemical composition of four varieties of Nigerian benniseed (Sesamum indicum). Food Chemistry. 1993 Jan 1;47(3):253-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(93)90157-B
  31. Murthy IYL., Singh M, Sastry JA. Some macro and micro nutrients in sesame seeds. J. Oilseeds Research. 1997;14(1):124-25.
  32. Bansal UK, Saini RG, Rani NS, Kaur A. Genetic divergence in quality rice. Oryza. 1999;36(1):20-23.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.