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Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Early Access

Unveiling the fragrance compounds of Jasminum auriculatum genoytpes through GC-MS and FTIR techniques

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.9487
Submitted
18 May 2025
Published
13-08-2025
Versions

Abstract

Jasminum auriculatum Vahl, a species valued and commonly cultivated for its fragrant flowers, holds significant cultural and commercial value in India. Tamil Nadu is the leading state cultivating Jasminum spp. for perfumery industries; also holds a niche market for use as loose flowers in garland making and worship. There are three released varieties of J. auriculatum viz., CO.1 Mullai, CO.2 Mullai and Pacha Mullai widely cultivated among the jasmine farmers of Tamil Nadu. Besides the above varieties, from the germplasm collection of TNAU, a promising genotype, Pacha Mullai, has been identified and recognized for its distinctive, green-tinged buds and superior agronomic traits. This genotype will be a promising alternative to the already cultivated Mullai types. Hence this study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical composition and aromatic profile of Pacha Mullai in comparison to CO.1 Mullai using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The GC-MS analysis revealed that Pacha Mullai exhibited a higher peak area percentage for several bioactive compounds such as squalene, phytol and β-sitosterol, indicating a richer presence of antioxidant, antimicrobial and fragrance-contributing metabolites. Notably, unique compounds like α-farnesene and phenylethyl alcohol in Pacha Mullai were strongly associated with enhanced aroma and fragrance persistence. FT-IR spectral analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups such as O–H, C–H and C–O, with distinctive peaks in Pacha Mullai indicating additional methyl group vibrations, possibly contributing to its longer shelf life and chemical stability. The distinct metabolite profile and structural attributes affirm that Pacha Mullai not only offers a unique and intense fragrance but also improved post-harvest longevity, making it a superior genotype for commercial cultivation. While CO.1 Mullai retains its relevance for traditional use, Pacha Mullai demonstrates superior phytochemical richness, aromatic complexity and post-harvest potential, supporting its recommendation for commercial cultivation, particularly in the perfumery, cosmetic and floriculture industries.

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