Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Plant Science Today (PST)

Research Articles

Vol. 12 No. sp4 (2025): Recent Advances in Agriculture by Young Minds - III

India’s organic exports: Pathways for global integration and sustainable development

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.11272
Submitted
13 August 2025
Published
31-12-2025

Abstract

Organic agriculture presents a promising pathway for sustainable farming, responding to the growing global demand driven by increasing health consciousness and environmental awareness. Owing to its diverse agro-climatic conditions and long-standing traditional farming systems, India possesses significant potential for growth in organic cultivation. However, the sector is constrained by challenges such as market concentration, price competitiveness, complex regulatory frameworks and limited product diversification in comparison to global competitors. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of growth patterns, export instability and geographic concentration in India’s organic exports. Using quantitative methods, SWOT analysis and a detailed policy review, the research identifies actionable strategies to address current limitations. Porter’s Five Forces analysis assesses competitiveness, while key performance indicators (KPIs) track progress. The study proposes a strategic framework designed to streamline regulatory processes, diversify target markets and enhance value-added products within the organic products sector. These measures aim to enhance India's competitiveness and sustainability in the global organic marketplace. With the right strategies and policies, India can lead the global organic market, reach USD 5 billion in exports by 2030 and promote both ecological balance and rural development.

References

  1. 1. FiBL, IFOAM. The world of organic agriculture: Statistics & emerging trends 2024. FiBL & IFOAM - Organics International; 2024.
  2. 2. CRISIL, APEDA. Study of Indian organic market and export promotion strategy. 2024.
  3. 3. National Centre for Organic and Natural Farming (NCONF). Status of organic farming. New Delhi: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India; 2024. https://nconf.dac.gov.in/StatusOrganicFarming
  4. 4. USDA. India - Organic industry market report. Foreign Agricultural Service, United States Department of Agriculture; 2021.
  5. 5. Kowsalya S, Rohini A. Export performance and direction of trade of organic products from India. Int J Agric Extension Soc Dev. 2024;7(1):113-16. https://doi.org/10.33545/26180723.2024.v7.i1b.194
  6. 6. Poonam, Kumar N, Kiran. Trends and performance of organic farming in India: A critical analysis. Econ Reg Stud. 2024;17(3):504-14. https://doi.org/10.2478/ers-2024-0027
  7. 7. Gujarati DN, Sangeetha. Basic econometrics. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd; 2007. p. 182-3.
  8. 8. Coppock JD. Foreign trade of the Middle East: Instability and growth. Lebanon: Economic Research Institute, American University of Beirut; 1966. 1034 p.
  9. 9. Mikic M, Gilbert J. Trade statistics in policymaking: a handbook of commonly used trade indices and indicators. Thailand: United Nations ESCAP; 2007. p. 124.
  10. 10. George AL. Case studies and theory development: The method of structured, focused comparison. In: Caldwell D, editor. Alexander L George: A pioneer in political and social sciences. Cham: Springer; 2019. p. 211-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90772-7_10
  11. 11. Porter EM. Competitive advantage. New York: Free Press; 1985.
  12. 12. Kusek JZ, Rist RC. Ten steps to a results-based monitoring and evaluation system: A handbook for development practitioners. World Bank; 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14926
  13. 13. UNCTAD. SDG pulse 2021. New York: United Nations Publications; 2022.
  14. 14. USDA. Organic agriculture. Economic Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture; 2025.
  15. 15. Yes Bank, APEDA. Indian organic sector: Vision 2025. New Delhi: Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority; 2016.
  16. 16. Dasgupta M, Dey T. Exports of fruits and vegetables from Northeast India: Prospects and challenges. Econ Polit Wkly. 2024;59(4). https://www.epw.in/engage/article/exports-fruits-and-vegetables-northeast-india
  17. 17. Bedoya-Perales NS, Pumi G, Mujica A, Talamini E, Padula AD. Quinoa expansion in Peru and its implications for land-use management. Sustainability. 2018;10(2):532. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020532
  18. 18. de Almeida CE. Sustainability as a competitive advantage: The case of organic food exporters in Peru. Front Manag Sci. 2025;4(1):7-11. https://doi.org/10.56397/FMS.2025.01.02
  19. 19. APEC Agricultural and Technical Cooperation Working Group. Report on APEC regional development of organic agriculture in terms of APEC food system and market access. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation; 2009.
  20. 20. Boonstra K, Vellema S. The complex pathway to green fields: Opportunities and challenges of organic agriculture in Thailand. 2024.
  21. 21. yalew T. Characterization of organic coffee production, certification and marketing systems: Ethiopia as a main indicator: A review. Asian J Agric Res. 2014;8(4):170-80. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajar.2014.170.180
  22. 22. Muhie SH. Strategies to improve the quantity and quality of export coffee in Ethiopia. J Agric Food Res. 2022;10:100372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100372
  23. 23. Balami KG, Ketema M, Goshu A. Ethiopian coffee export performance and diversification analysis. J Equity Sci Sustain Dev. 2023;7(2).
  24. 24. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Greening trade in Viet Nam. UNCTAD Trade Environ Rev; 2001.
  25. 25. Weirowski F, Hall SJ. Public-private partnerships for fisheries and aquaculture: Getting started. Penang: WorldFish Center; 2008. (WorldFish Center Manual no. 1875).
  26. 26. Nguyen H, Pham VK, Phan TT. Determinants of export organic supply chain performance: Empirical study of fruits and vegetables in Vietnam. J Int Logist Trade. 2021;19(3):147-61. https://doi.org/10.24006/jilt.2021.19.3.147
  27. 27. World Bank Group. Digital technology for traceability in Vietnam’s fruit and vegetable value chains. 2022.
  28. 28. VNS. Public-private partnership catalyses sustainable agri-food chain growth. 2025.
  29. 29. NITI Aayog. Working group report on crop husbandry, agriculture inputs, demand & supply. New Delhi: NITI Aayog; 2024.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.