Cochorous olitorous and Adasonia digitata leaves extracts protects against gamma radiation induced anaemia

Authors

  • Sarah Onyenibe Nwozo Nutritional /Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
  • Kabir Bello Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2015.2.3.123

Keywords:

Cochorous olitorious, Adasonia digitata, anti-anaemic, hepatoprotective, radioprotective

Abstract

This paper proposes that exposure to radiation could generate free radicals, which could lead to disorders such as heamolysis-induced anaemia. We evaluated the radioprotective potentials of Cochorous olitorious and Adasonia digitata methanol leaves extract in gamma radiation induced anaemia. Fifty four adult male Wistar rats were divided into nine groups of 6 animals. Except for the control group, the other the animals were treated with a single dose of whole body gamma radiation of 6Gy and received either 500 or 1000 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of A. digitata and C. olitorious either singly or combination and vitamin C was used as reference. A. digitata and C. olitorious were screened for phytochemical content and had saponin (16.59±1.85 and 22.12±0.24), tannins (311.98±0.01 and 287.07±0.16), polyphenols (170.90±0.68 and 330.07±0.32), alkaloids (81.56±0.56 and 68.65±2.05) and flavonoids (25.38±2.88 and 157.38±0.38) respectively. There was significant loss in body weight, depletion in red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), heamoglobin concentration (HBC) in untreated rats exposed to gamma radiation. Administration of the plant extract to rats exposed to radiation was able to attenuate and ameliorate loss in body weight and changes in blood cells (HBC, PCV, PLT and RBC) especially in radiated rats on combination therapy of both extracts at 1000 mg/kg bwt group. Hepatoprotective and safety evaluation was done by measuring the serum ALT, AST and ALP, these parameters were significantly (p<0.05) increased in untreated rats exposed to gamma radiation compared to normal control rats and these decreased in rats on plant extract.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Sarah Onyenibe Nwozo, Nutritional /Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Senior Lecturer

Kabir Bello, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria

Assistant Lecturer

References

Albano, E. 2002. Free radical mechanism in immune reactions associated with alcoholic liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 32:110-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00773-0

Anderson, F. R., Fisher, J. L., Hara, Y., Harris, T., Mak, B. W., Melton, D. L. and E. J. Packer. 2001. Green tea catechins partially protect DNA from OH radical-induced strand breaks and base damage through fast chemical repair of DNA radicals. Carcinogenesis 22:1189-1193.

Arteel G. E. 2003. Oxidants and Antioxidants in Alcohol-Induced Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 124:778-790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/gast.2003.50087

Baker, F. J., and Silverton, R. E. 1985. Introduction to medical laboratory technology. 6th Ed. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, London .

Branda, R. F., Naud, S. J., Brooks, E. M., Chen, Z.,and Muss, H. 2004. Effect of vitamin B12, folate, and dietary supplements on breast carcinoma chemotherapy-induced mucositis and neutropenia. Cancer 101(5):1058–1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20484

Byrd-Bredbenner, C., Moe, G., Beshgetoor, D. and Berning, J. 2007. Wardlaw, Hampl & DiSilvestro. Perspective in Nutrition. 8thEd, The McGraw Hill Companies.

Cederbaum, A. L., Lu, Y. and Wu, D. 2009. Role of oxidative stress in alcohol-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol 83:519-548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-009-0432-0

Farombi, E. O., Surh, Y. 2006. heme oxygenase-1 as a therapeutic target for hepatoprotection. J. Biochem & Molecular Biology 39(5): 479-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2006.39.5.479

Greenberg, M. E., Li, X. M., Gugui, B. G., Gu, X. Qjn, J., Salomon, R. G. and Gazen, S. L. (2008). The lipid Whisker model of the structure of oxidized cell membranes, J Biol Chem.238:2385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M707348200

Halliwell, B., and Gutteridge, J. M. C. 2000. Free radicals in Biology and Medicine Oxford. Oxford University Press.

Harborne, J. B. 1973. Phytochemical Methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. Chapman and hall, London, pp. 279

Jain, N.C. (1986) Schalm’s veterinary heamatology, 4th ed., Lea and fabiger, Philadephia.

Krivanek, A. F., De Groote, H., Gunaratna, N. S., Diallo, A. O. and Friesen, D. 2007. Breeding and disseminating quality protein maize (QPM) for Africa. Afr. J. Biotechnol.,6(4):312-324.

Kryston, T. B., Georgiev, A. B., Pissis, P., Geogakrias, A. G. 2011. The role of oxidative stress and DNA damage in human carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. 711: 193-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.12.016

Lawenda, B. D., Smith, D. E., Xu, L., Niemierko, A., Silverstein, J. R., Boucher, Y., Kashiwagi, S., Held, K. D., Jain, R. K., Loeffler, J. S., Eisenberg, D. M.and Blumberg, J. B. 2007. Do the dietary supplements epigal-locatechin gallate or vitamin e cause a radiomodifying response on tumors in vivo? A pilot study with murine breast carcinoma. J. Soc Integr Oncology 5(1): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7200.2006.033

Mitruka, B. M., Rawnsley, H. M. 1997. Clinical, Biochemical and heamatological reference values in normal experimental animal. Masson Publisher Co, New York, pp+ 102-107

Ogbe, R. J., Adoga, G. I., Abu, A. H. 2010. Antianaemic potentials of some plant extracts on pheny hydrazine-induced anaemia in rabbits. J Med Plants Res. 4(8): 680-684

Oladiji A. T., Jacob, T. O., Yakubu, M. T. 2007. Anti-anaemic potentials of aqueous extracts of Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench srem bark in rats. J. Ethopharmacology 111: 651-656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.013

Oyedeji, K. O., Bolarinwa, A. F., Azeez, A. A. 2013. Effect of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalena on reproductive parameters in male albino rats. Res J Pharmacology 7(1): 7-11.

Parihar, V. K., Dhawan, J., Kumar, S., Manjula, S. N., Subramanian, G., Unnikrishnan, M. K. and Rao, C. M. 2007. Free radical scavenging and radioprotective activity of dehydrozingerone against whole body gamma irradiation in Swiss albino mice. Chem Biol Interact 170(1):49-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2007.07.006

Sadani, G. R. and Nadkarni, G. D. 1997. Changes in lipid peroxide levels and the activity of reactive oxygen scavenging systems in thyroid tissue after exposure to radioactive iodine in rats. Thyroid. P937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.1997.7.937

Sofowora, A. 1993. Medicinal plants and traditional medicine in Africa, second ed. Spectrum Books Limited (Publisher). Ibadan, Nigeria. Pp 134-156

Vertuani, S., Braccioli, E., Buzzoni, V., Manfredini, S., et al. 2002. Antioxidant capacity of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp and leaves. Acta Phytototherapeutica 2: 86-91

WHO, 1986. Use and interpretation of anthropometric indicators of nutritional status. Bull. World Health Organ.,64:924-941.

Yakubu, M. T., Akanji, M. A., Oladiji, A. T. 2007. Heamatological evaluation in male albino rats following chronic administration of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem. Pharmacol Manage. 3: 34-38.

Yakubu, M. T., Bukoye, B. B., Oladiji, A. T. Akanji, M. A. 2009. Toxicological implication of aqueous extract of Banbusa vulgaris leaves in pregnant Dutch rabbits. Human & Exp. Toxicol. 28(9): 591-593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327109106975

Downloads

Published

02-08-2015

How to Cite

1.
Nwozo SO, Bello K. Cochorous olitorous and Adasonia digitata leaves extracts protects against gamma radiation induced anaemia. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2015 Aug. 2 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];2(3):102-6. Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/123

Issue

Section

Research Articles