Early seedling growth affected by CuSO4 and its combination with PEG 6000 in maize
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2019.6.2.508Keywords:
anatomical modifications, combined stress, water deficitAbstract
Several abiotic stress factors are faced by the plants in nature, including metal exposure and water deficit condition. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of copper and its combination with water deficit, on growth and anatomical characteristics of Zea mays L. (maize) cv. Ganga safed-2 seedlings. Seeds were treated with CuSO4 (0-1000µM) for inducing Cu stress, PEG 6000 (0-10%) for inducing water deficit stress and their combination for combined stress for 5 days. Germination %, growth parameters, % phytotoxicity, and root anatomical characteristics were analyzed. Treatment of maize seeds with 0-1000µM CuSO4 significantly reduced almost all the growth parameters, except germination %. Root growth was inhibited significantly at 100µM and higher concentrations of CuSO4, however, for shoot growth, ?300µM are inhibitory. Germination percentage was not affected by the supplementation of Cu, indicating the tolerant nature of Ganga safed-2 maize genotype at germination stage. Treatment with Cu (?300µM) and PEG 6000 (10%), decreased the growth of maize seedlings with prominent effect on root by Cu and on the shoot by 10% PEG. Anatomical modifications in root were noticed with both the stresses, individually and in combination.
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References
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8. Maksymiec W, Krupa Z. Effects of methyl jasmonate and excess copper on root and leaf growth. Biol Plant. 2007;51:322-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-007-0062-4
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10. Patsikka E, Kairavuo M, Sersen F, Aro EM, Tyystjarvi E. Excess copper predisposes photosysten II to photoinhibition in Vivo by outcompeting iron and causing decrease in leaf chlorophyll. Plant Physiol. 2002;129:1359-67. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.004788
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12. Atabayeva S, Nurmahanova A, Akhmetova A, Narmuratova M, Asrandina S, Beisenova A, Alybayeva R and Lee T. Anatomical peculiarities in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under copper stress. Pak J Bot. 2016;484:1399-1405.
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14. Gomes MP, de Sae Melo Marques TC, Oliveira M, Nogueira G, Castro EM, De Soares AM. Ecophysiological and anatomical changes due to uptake and accumulation of heavy metal in Brachiaria decumbens. Scientia Agricola. 2011;68:566-73. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162011000500009
15. Gowayed SMH, Almaghrabi OA. Effect of copper and cadmium on germination and anatomical structure of leaf and root seedling in maize (Zea mays L). Austr. J. Basic Appl Sci. 2013;7:548-55.
16. Suseela MR, Sinha S, Singh S, Saxena R. Accumulation of chromium and scanning electron microscopic studies in Scirpus lacustris L. treated with metal and tannery effluent. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2002;68:540–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001280288
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19. Pane RF, Damanik RI, Khardinata EH. Germination performance of selected local soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrills) cultivars during drought stress induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). Earth Environ. Sci. 2018;122:012054. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/122/1/012054
20. Meher, Shivakrishna P, Reddy KA, Rao DM. Effect of PEG- 6000 imposed drought stress on RNA content, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll content in peanut leaves and roots. Saudi J Bio.Sci. 2018;25:285-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.04.008
21. Huseynova IM, Suleymanov SY, Aliyev JA. Structural functional state of thylakoid membranes of wheat genotypes under water stress. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2007;1767:869-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2007.01.014
22. Jain M, Mittal M, Gadre R. Effect of PEG-6000 imposed water deficit on chlorophyll metabolism in maize leaves. J Stress Physiol and Biochem. 2013;9:262-71.
23. Sarmadi M, Karimi N, Palazon J, Ghassempour A, Miralili MH. Improved effects of polyethylene glycol on the growth, antioxidative enzymes activity and taxanes production in a Taxus baccata L. callus culture. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture. 2019; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01573-y
24. de Silva ND, Cholewa E, Ryser P. Effects of combined drought and heavy metal stresses on xylem structure and hydraulic conductivity in red maple (Acer rubrum L.). J Exp Bot. 2012;63:5957-66. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers241
25. Han Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Korpelainen H, Li C. Sexual differences in photosynthetic activity, ultrastructure and phytoremediation potential of Populus cathayana exposed to lead and drought. Tree Physiol. 2013;33:1043-60. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpt086
26. Ku HM, Tan CW, Su YS, Chiu CY, Chen CT, Jan FJ. The effect of water deficit and excess copper on proline metabolism in Nicotiana benthamiana. Biol Plant. 2012;56:337-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-012-0095-1
27. Close DC, Wilson SJ. Provenance effects on pre-germination treatments for Eucalyptus regnans and E. delegatensis seed. For Ecol Manage. 2002;170:299-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(01)00768-x
28. Baki AA, Anderson JD. Relationship between decarboxylation of glutamic acid and vigour in soybean seed. Crop Science. 1973;13:222-6. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183x001300020023x
29. Iqbal MZ, Rahmati K. Tolerance of Albizia lebbeck to Cu and Fe application. Ekologia CSFR. 1992;11:427-30.
30. Chou CH, Lin HJ. Autointoxication mechanism of Oriza sativa L. Phytotoxic effects of decomposing rice residues in soil. J Chem Ecol. 1976;2:353-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00988282
31. Stefani A, Arduini I, Onnis A. Juncus acutus: Germination and initial growth in presence of heavy metals. Ann Bot Fenn. 1991;28:37-43.
32. Mahmood S, Hussain A, Saeed Z, Athar M. Germination and seedling growth of corn (Zea mays L.) under varying levels of copper and zinc. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 2005;2:269-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03325886
33. Radoviciu EM, Tomulescu IM, Merca VV. Effects Induced following the treatments with copper, manganese and zinc on corn seeds germination (Carrera, Turda 200 And HD-160). Analele Universitatii din Oradea, Fascicula Biologie. 2009;XVI (1):105-7.
34. Singh N, Rajendran A, Niraj P. Response of maize hybrids to Peg- induced osmotic stress at pre germination and germination phase. Int J Tropical Agri. 2016;34:2367-73.
35. Nishizono H, Kubta K, Suzuki S. Accumulation of heavy metals in cell walls of Polygonum cuspidatum roots from metalliferous habitats. Plant. Cell Physiol. 1989;30:595-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077780
36. Reichman SM. The Responses of Plants to Metal Toxicity: A review focusing on Copper, Manganese and Zinc. Australian Minerals & Energy Environment Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Melbourne, Australia. 2002.
37. Gang A, Vyas A, Vyas H. Toxic effect of heavy metals on germination and seedling growth of wheat. J Environ Res Develop. 2013;8:206-13.
38. Gupta D, Abdullah. Toxicity of copper and cadmium on germination and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.) Seeds. Indian J Sci Res. 2011;2:67-70.
39. Munzuroglu O, Geckil H. Effect of metals on seed germination, root elongation and coleoptile and hypocotyls growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus. J Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2002;43:203-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-002-1116-4
40. Choi WY, Kang SY, Park HK, Kim SS, Lee KS, Shin HT, Chai SY. Effects of water stress by PEG on growth and physiological traits in rice seedlings. Korean J. Crop Science. 2000;45:112-7.
41. Nilson ET, Orcut DM. The physiology of plants under stress. JohnWiley and Sons, New York, USA. 1996.
42. Li X, Mu C, Lin J. The germination and seedlings growth response of wheat and corn to drought and low temperature in spring of Northeast China. J Animal and Plant Sci. 2014;21:3212-22.
43. Abdalla M, El-Khoshiban NH. The influence of water stress on growth, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, some metabolic and hormonal contents of two Triticium aestivum cultivars. J Appl Sci Res. 2007;3:2062-74.
44. Ashagre H, Almaw D, Feyisa T. Effect of copper and zinc on seed germination, phytotoxicity, tolerance and seedling vigor of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. cultivar Roma VF). Int J Agri Sci Res. 2013;2:312-7.
45. Stanova A, Durisova E, Banasova V, Gurinova E, Nadubinska M, Kenderesova L, Miroslav Ovecka M, Ciamporova M. Root system morphology and primary root anatomy in natural non-metallicolous and metallicolous populations of three Arabidopsis species differing in heavy metal tolerance. Biologia. 2012;67:505-16. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-012-0040-y
2. Panagos P, Ballabio C, Lugato E, Jones A, Borrelli P, Scarpa S, Orgiazzi A, Montanarella L. Potential sources of anthropogenic copper inputs to European agricultural soils. Sustainability. 2018;10:2380. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10072380
3. Al-Saydeh SA, El-Naas MH, Zaidi SJ. Copper removal from industrial wastewater: A comprehensive review. J Industrial and Engineering Chem. 2017;56:35-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2017.07.026
4. Rodriguez FI, Esch JJ, Hall AE, Binder BM, Schaller GE, Bleecker AB. A copper cofactor for the ethylene receptor ETR1 from Arabidopsis. Science. 1999;283:996-8. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.283.5404.996
5. Pilon M, Abdel-Ghany SE, Cohu CM, Gogolin KA, Ye H. Copper cofactor delivery in plant cells. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006;9:256-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2006.03.007
6. Burkhead JL, Gogolin Reynolds KA, Abdel-Ghany SE, Cohu CM, Pilon M. Copper homeostasis. New Phytologist. 2009;182:799-816. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02846.x
7. Martinez-Penalver A, Grana E, Reigosa MJ, Sanchez-Moreiras AM. (2012). The early response of Arabidopsis thaliana to cadmium- and copper-induced stress. Environ Exp Bot. 2012;78:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.12.017
8. Maksymiec W, Krupa Z. Effects of methyl jasmonate and excess copper on root and leaf growth. Biol Plant. 2007;51:322-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-007-0062-4
9. Diwaker G, Abdullah. Toxicity of copper and cadmium on germination and seedling growth of maize ( Zea mays L.) seeds. Indian J Sci Res. 2011;2:67-70.
10. Patsikka E, Kairavuo M, Sersen F, Aro EM, Tyystjarvi E. Excess copper predisposes photosysten II to photoinhibition in Vivo by outcompeting iron and causing decrease in leaf chlorophyll. Plant Physiol. 2002;129:1359-67. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.004788
11. Lequeux H, Hermans C, Lutts S, Verbruggen N. Response to copper excess in Arabidopsis thaliana: Impact on the root system architecture, hormone distribution, lignin accumulation and mineral profile. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2010;48:673-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.05.005
12. Atabayeva S, Nurmahanova A, Akhmetova A, Narmuratova M, Asrandina S, Beisenova A, Alybayeva R and Lee T. Anatomical peculiarities in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under copper stress. Pak J Bot. 2016;484:1399-1405.
13. Singh S, Srivastava PK, Kumar D, Tripathi DK, Chauhan DK, Prasad SM. Morpho-anatomical and biochemical adapting strategies of maize Zea mays L. seedling against lead and chromium stresses. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol. 2015;4:286-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2015.03.004
14. Gomes MP, de Sae Melo Marques TC, Oliveira M, Nogueira G, Castro EM, De Soares AM. Ecophysiological and anatomical changes due to uptake and accumulation of heavy metal in Brachiaria decumbens. Scientia Agricola. 2011;68:566-73. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162011000500009
15. Gowayed SMH, Almaghrabi OA. Effect of copper and cadmium on germination and anatomical structure of leaf and root seedling in maize (Zea mays L). Austr. J. Basic Appl Sci. 2013;7:548-55.
16. Suseela MR, Sinha S, Singh S, Saxena R. Accumulation of chromium and scanning electron microscopic studies in Scirpus lacustris L. treated with metal and tannery effluent. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2002;68:540–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001280288
17. Boyer JS. Plant productivity and environment. Science. 1982; 218:443–8. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.218.4571.443
18. Oertli JJ. The response of plant cells to different forms of moisture stress. J plant physiol. 1985;121:295-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0176-1617(85)80022-5
19. Pane RF, Damanik RI, Khardinata EH. Germination performance of selected local soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrills) cultivars during drought stress induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). Earth Environ. Sci. 2018;122:012054. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/122/1/012054
20. Meher, Shivakrishna P, Reddy KA, Rao DM. Effect of PEG- 6000 imposed drought stress on RNA content, relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll content in peanut leaves and roots. Saudi J Bio.Sci. 2018;25:285-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.04.008
21. Huseynova IM, Suleymanov SY, Aliyev JA. Structural functional state of thylakoid membranes of wheat genotypes under water stress. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2007;1767:869-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2007.01.014
22. Jain M, Mittal M, Gadre R. Effect of PEG-6000 imposed water deficit on chlorophyll metabolism in maize leaves. J Stress Physiol and Biochem. 2013;9:262-71.
23. Sarmadi M, Karimi N, Palazon J, Ghassempour A, Miralili MH. Improved effects of polyethylene glycol on the growth, antioxidative enzymes activity and taxanes production in a Taxus baccata L. callus culture. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture. 2019; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01573-y
24. de Silva ND, Cholewa E, Ryser P. Effects of combined drought and heavy metal stresses on xylem structure and hydraulic conductivity in red maple (Acer rubrum L.). J Exp Bot. 2012;63:5957-66. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers241
25. Han Y, Wang L, Zhang X, Korpelainen H, Li C. Sexual differences in photosynthetic activity, ultrastructure and phytoremediation potential of Populus cathayana exposed to lead and drought. Tree Physiol. 2013;33:1043-60. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpt086
26. Ku HM, Tan CW, Su YS, Chiu CY, Chen CT, Jan FJ. The effect of water deficit and excess copper on proline metabolism in Nicotiana benthamiana. Biol Plant. 2012;56:337-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-012-0095-1
27. Close DC, Wilson SJ. Provenance effects on pre-germination treatments for Eucalyptus regnans and E. delegatensis seed. For Ecol Manage. 2002;170:299-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(01)00768-x
28. Baki AA, Anderson JD. Relationship between decarboxylation of glutamic acid and vigour in soybean seed. Crop Science. 1973;13:222-6. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183x001300020023x
29. Iqbal MZ, Rahmati K. Tolerance of Albizia lebbeck to Cu and Fe application. Ekologia CSFR. 1992;11:427-30.
30. Chou CH, Lin HJ. Autointoxication mechanism of Oriza sativa L. Phytotoxic effects of decomposing rice residues in soil. J Chem Ecol. 1976;2:353-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00988282
31. Stefani A, Arduini I, Onnis A. Juncus acutus: Germination and initial growth in presence of heavy metals. Ann Bot Fenn. 1991;28:37-43.
32. Mahmood S, Hussain A, Saeed Z, Athar M. Germination and seedling growth of corn (Zea mays L.) under varying levels of copper and zinc. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 2005;2:269-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03325886
33. Radoviciu EM, Tomulescu IM, Merca VV. Effects Induced following the treatments with copper, manganese and zinc on corn seeds germination (Carrera, Turda 200 And HD-160). Analele Universitatii din Oradea, Fascicula Biologie. 2009;XVI (1):105-7.
34. Singh N, Rajendran A, Niraj P. Response of maize hybrids to Peg- induced osmotic stress at pre germination and germination phase. Int J Tropical Agri. 2016;34:2367-73.
35. Nishizono H, Kubta K, Suzuki S. Accumulation of heavy metals in cell walls of Polygonum cuspidatum roots from metalliferous habitats. Plant. Cell Physiol. 1989;30:595-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077780
36. Reichman SM. The Responses of Plants to Metal Toxicity: A review focusing on Copper, Manganese and Zinc. Australian Minerals & Energy Environment Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Melbourne, Australia. 2002.
37. Gang A, Vyas A, Vyas H. Toxic effect of heavy metals on germination and seedling growth of wheat. J Environ Res Develop. 2013;8:206-13.
38. Gupta D, Abdullah. Toxicity of copper and cadmium on germination and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.) Seeds. Indian J Sci Res. 2011;2:67-70.
39. Munzuroglu O, Geckil H. Effect of metals on seed germination, root elongation and coleoptile and hypocotyls growth in Triticum aestivum and Cucumis sativus. J Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2002;43:203-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-002-1116-4
40. Choi WY, Kang SY, Park HK, Kim SS, Lee KS, Shin HT, Chai SY. Effects of water stress by PEG on growth and physiological traits in rice seedlings. Korean J. Crop Science. 2000;45:112-7.
41. Nilson ET, Orcut DM. The physiology of plants under stress. JohnWiley and Sons, New York, USA. 1996.
42. Li X, Mu C, Lin J. The germination and seedlings growth response of wheat and corn to drought and low temperature in spring of Northeast China. J Animal and Plant Sci. 2014;21:3212-22.
43. Abdalla M, El-Khoshiban NH. The influence of water stress on growth, relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, some metabolic and hormonal contents of two Triticium aestivum cultivars. J Appl Sci Res. 2007;3:2062-74.
44. Ashagre H, Almaw D, Feyisa T. Effect of copper and zinc on seed germination, phytotoxicity, tolerance and seedling vigor of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. cultivar Roma VF). Int J Agri Sci Res. 2013;2:312-7.
45. Stanova A, Durisova E, Banasova V, Gurinova E, Nadubinska M, Kenderesova L, Miroslav Ovecka M, Ciamporova M. Root system morphology and primary root anatomy in natural non-metallicolous and metallicolous populations of three Arabidopsis species differing in heavy metal tolerance. Biologia. 2012;67:505-16. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-012-0040-y
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27-04-2019
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Hirve M, Jain M. Early seedling growth affected by CuSO4 and its combination with PEG 6000 in maize. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2019 Apr. 27 [cited 2024 Nov. 4];6(2):160-9. Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/508
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