Advanced approaches for managing ber fruit fly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa) in Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) orchards
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5479Keywords:
ber, Carpomyia vesuviana, C. incompleta, ecology, integrated pest management, Ziziphus spp.Abstract
Jujube, or Ber, a prominent fruit of arid zones, is heavily infested by fruit flies, primarily Carpomyia vesuviana Costa and C. incompleta Becker (Diptera; Tephritidae). These monophagous pests significantly reduce ber fruit yield and quality, with potential losses of up to 80% under severe infestations. The intensity of damage increases as the season progresses. In addition to Carpomyia species, jujube fruits are also attacked by fruit flies such as Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), B. correcta (Bezzi), and B. zonata (Saunders). This review focuses on the lesser-studied characteristics of Carpomyia species, particularly the key elements of taxonomic identification based on molecular and morphometric traits, as abundant literature is available on Bactrocera species. Furthermore, the review discusses the nature and extent of damage, seasonal incidence, the influence of environmental factors on population dynamics, and resistance mechanisms. Managing fruit flies in the ber ecosystem is challenging due to the complex of species involved but can be addressed through integrated approaches that include management, resistance mechanisms, and biological control.
Downloads
References
Watt G. A dictionary of the economic products of India:Superintendent of government printing; 1893.
De Candolle A. Origin of cultivated plants (reprint 1964). New York:Hafner Publishing; 1886.
Liu M, Cheng C, editors. A taxonomic study on the genus Ziziphus. Internat Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 1994;390.https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1995.390.23
Islam MB, Simmons MP. A thorny dilemma: testing alternative intrageneric classifications within Ziziphus (Rhamnaceae). Systematic Botany. 2006;31(4):826-42. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364406779695997
Balikai R. Pest scenario of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamarck) in Karnataka. 1999.
Kavitha Z, Savithri PJSIH. Documentation of insect pests on ber.2002;50(1/3):223-25.
Singh MJIH. Managing menace of insect pests on ber. 2008;53 (1):31.
Sharma D, Bal JJAoPPS. Population dynamics and management of Tarucus theophrastus (Fab.) on Zizyphus spp. 2009;17(1):22-25.
Karuppaiah V, More T, Sivalingam P, Hanif K, Bagle BJHJHS. Prevailing insect pests of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk) and their natural enemies in hot aridecosystem. 2010;39(3-4):214-16.
Batra R, Sandhu G, Sharma D. Host-plant resistance to insect pests. Advances in Horticulture: Fruit Crops-Volume 3. 1993;1649-60.
Ahmad B, Anjum R, Ahmad A, Yousaf MM, et al. Comparison of different methods to control fruit fly (Carpomyia vesuviana) on ber (Zizyphus mauritiana). 2005;27(2):1-2.
Askari H, Assareh M, Farrar N, Golestaneh R, editors. Studies on parasitism of Fopius carpomyie (Silvestri) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae), an egg-pupal parasitoid of Ber (Konar) fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae), in BushehrIran. I International Jujube Symposium. 2008;840.
Singh M, Vashishta B. Field screening of some ber cultivars for resistance to berfruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa. 1984.
Lakra R, Singh ZJIjoe. Calendar of losses due to ber fruit-fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae) in different Zizyphus spp. in Haryana. 1984.
Bagle B. Incidence and control of fruit fly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa of ber Zizyphus mauritiana, Lank. 1992;20:205-07.
Joshi H, Shinde V. Control of ber fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Tephritidae: Diptera). 1971;33:142-47.
Berdyeva NG. Flight dynamics of Carpomyia vesuviana in Turkmenia. Izvestiia. Seriia Biologicheskikh Nauk. 1978.
Sohi AS, Sohi AS, Sandhu GS. Unusual occurrence of Carpomyia vesuviana Costa during monsoon in the Punjab. 1990;3(2):188.
Bagdavadze A. The Ziziphus fly. 1977;12:33.
Giray H. A preliminary list of the fauna of Turkish Trypetidae (Diptera). 1979;3(1):35-46.
Farrar N, Asadi G, Golestaneh SJJoAS. Damage and host ranges of ber fruitfly Carpomya vesuviana Costa (Dip.: Tephritidae) and its rate of parasitism. 2004;1(5):120-30.
Aluja M, Norrbom AL. Fruit flies. 2001;984. doi:10.1201/9781420074468.
Karuppaiah V. Biology and management of ber fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae): A review. 2014.
Guo S, Ge X, Zou Y, Zhou Y, Wang T, Zong SJF. Projecting the potential global distribution of Carpomya vesuviana (Diptera: Tephritidae), considering climate change and irrigation patterns. 2019;10(4):355.
Basha JJIJE. Experiments on the control of fruit borers of jujube Carpomyia vesuviana Costa and Meridarches scyrodes in South India. 1952;44(3):229-38.
Batra H. Biology and control of Dacus diversus Goquillett and Carpomyia vcsuviana Costa and important notes on other fruit flies in India. 1954;23:87-112.
Dashad S, Chaudhary O, Rakesh R. Studies on the incidence of ber fruitfly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa) in south-western Haryana. 1999;18:115-18.
Sachan J. Varietal susceptibility of ber fruits to the damage of fruitfly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa). 1984.
Singh M. Studies on the field resistance of different jujube cultivars to the fruitfly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa. 1984. KAVIN ET AL 8 https://plantsciencetoday.online
Patel B, Upadhyay V, Murlidharan C, Judal G. Comparative efficacy of different insecticides against'ber'fruit fly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa. 1989;39-45.
Ragumoorthi K, Arumugam R. Chemical control of ber fruitfly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa. 1992;20:32-36.
Jothi B, Tandon P. Present status of insect pests of ber in Karnataka. 1995;17:49-51.
Nandihalli B, Patil D, Jagginavar S, Biradar A, Guled M, Surkod V. Incidence of fruit borer (Meridarchis scyrodes Meyr.) and fruit fly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa) on different varieties of ber.1996;6:13-18.
Kavitha Z, Savithri P. New record of some natural enemies on ber pest in Tirupati region. South Indian Horticulture. 2002;50:513-14.
Rao M, Das N, Sankar G. Chemical control of ber fruitfly, Carpomyia vesuviana. 1995.
Surendra S, Gupta R, Awasthi B, Verma RJIJoE. Effective control of ber fruit fly Carpomya vesuviana by insecticidal schedule. 2000;62(2):171-74.
Gyi MM, Dikshit AK, Lai OP. Residue studies and bio-efficacy of Lambda-cyhalothrin and Beta-cyfluthrin in ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamarck) fruits. 2003;15(1):26-27.
Ide T, Kanzaki N, Ohmura W, Okabe KJJoee. Molecular identification of an invasive wood-boring insect Lyctus brunneus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae: Lyctinae) using frass by loop-mediated isothermal amplification and nested PCR assays. 2016;109(3):1410-14.
Menabit S, Iancu L, Pavel AB, Popa A, Lupascu N, Purcarea CJO, et al. Molecular identification and distribution of insect larvae in the Lower Danube River. 2022;51(1):74-89.
Jia P-F, Liu J-H, Xu J, Li X-J, Dan W-LJMDPB. Complete mitogenome for the ber fruit fly, Carpomya vesuviana (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Toksun, Northwest China and its phylogenetic relationship within family Tephritidae. 2019;4(2):3838-39.
Garrido-Jurado I, Quesada-Moraga E, Yousef-Yousef MJSJoAR.Zizyphus fruit fly (Carpomya incompleta (Becker), Diptera:Tephritidae) is expanding its range in Europe. 2022;20(4):e10SC02-e10SC02. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2022204-18961
Taher HM, Alyousuf AJBJoAS. Morphological and molecular identification of Jujube fruit fly Carpomya incompleta (Becker, 1903) (Diptera: Tephritidae) Southern Iraq. 2023;36(1):39-49. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2023.36.1.04
Sangwan M, Lakra R. Effect of temperature and soil depth levels on pupae of jujube fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa. 1992;5:80- 81.
Lakra RK, Zile Singh ZS. Oviposition behaviour of ber fruitfly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa and relationship between its incidence and ruggedness in fruits in Haryana. 1983;45:48-59.
Lakra R, Zile Singh ZS. Seasonal fluctuations in incidence of ber fruitfly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae) under agro-climatic conditions of Hisar. 1985.
Gupta Y, Sharma P. Bionomics of ber fruitfly Capromyia vesuriana (Diptera: Trypetidae). 2006;8(4):107.
Lakra RK, Bhatti DS. Insect pests of some under-exploited fruits and their management. 2. Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.). A. Dipterous pests. 1998;27(1):12-34.
Shivbhagvan S, Acharya V, Sanp R, Keshav Mehra KM. Seasonal incidence of ber fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa and it's correlation with abiotic factors. 2017.
Haldhar SM, Deshwal HL. Fundamentals of agricultural entomology: New Vishal Publications; 2017.
Yadav J, Gaur RK, Kumar Y, Kumari N, Yadav SS, Khan M, et al. Evaluation of antixenotic and allelochemical traits of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) fruits as source of host plant resistance against fruit fly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in semi-arid region of India. 2020;48:607-20.
Haldhar S, Bhargava R, Krishna H, Berwal M, Saroj PJCP. Bottomup effects of different host plant resistance cultivars on ber(Ziziphus mauritiana)-fruit fly (Carpomyia vesuviana) interactions. 2018;106:117-24.
Singh P, Bakhshi J, Bajaj K. Endogenous growth-inhibitors or growth-promoters and their relationship with dormancy in jujube. 1974.
Singh P, Bakhshi J, Jaiswal S. Physico-chemical changes in relation to the dormancy in jujube. 1974.
Chundawat B, Srivastava HJDoE. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India. Haryana men ber ki kheti. 1978;38.
Bakhshi J, Singh PJIH. Ber: A good choice for semi-arid and marginal soils. 1974.
Ramesh Chauhan RC, Yadav J. Incidence of fruit fly on wild and cultivated species of ber, Zizyphus spp. 2000;90-92.
Grewal J, Kapoor VJIJoAS. Bird damage and its effect on infestation by fruit-flies in various orchards in Ludhiana. 1986;56(5):370-73.
Mann G, Bindra OJIJoH. Field screening of different Jujube cultivars against the bark-eating caterpiller. 1977;34(3):313-15.
Sharma V, Lal O, Rohidas S, Pramanick PJJoER. Varietal resistance in ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) against the fruitfly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae) under field conditions. 1998;22(1):61-67.
Hosagoudar I, Nandlhall B, Lmgappa S, Patil DJPMHE. Efficacy of some insecticides and neem against ber fruit borer (Merldarchu scyrodes Meyr) and fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Coasta. on different ber varieties. 1999;91(5):86.
Godhara N, Gupta A, Bhatia S, Saini R, Gupta P, Madan R. BS 75-3 (Reg. No. INGR 01018) ber. 2002.
Pramanick P, Sharma V, Singh SJIJoH. Genetic behaviour of some physical and biochemical parameters of fruitfly (Carpomyia vesuviana Costa.) resistance in ber. 2005;62(4):389-90.
Baloda S, Sehrawat S, Yadav B, Ahlawat V, Singh SJAr. Present status of ber production and future thrusts in India- a review. 2012;33(3):256-64.
Li Y, Zhou P, Zhang J, Yang D, Li Z, Zhang X. Identification of odorant binding proteins in Carpomya vesuviana and their binding affinity to the male-borne semiochemicals and host plant volatiles. 2017;100:100-07.
Abdel-Galil FA, Rizk MM, Temerak SA, Darwish DYJAoP, Protection P. Studies on the parasitoid Opius concolor S?epligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), associated with Zizyphus fruit fly, Carpomyia incompleta Becker (Diptera: Tephritidae). 2014;47(6):665-74.
Rajaram V, Siddeswaran KJIJoAS. Efficacy of insecticides and plant products against the fruit borer and fruit fly in ber under rainfed condition. 2006;2(2):538-40.
Abbasi Q, Hussain T, Talpur M, Memon M. Efficacy of different insecticides in controlling ber fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa. 1994;pp. 357-61.
Mari J, Chachar Q, Chachar SJIJAT. Organic management of fruit fly in jujube ecosystem. 2013;9(1):125-33.
Saxena DK, Rawat RR. A study on the incidence, varietal preference and biology of the ber fruit fly in Madhya Pradesh. 1968:328-33.
Azam-Ali S, Bonkoungou E, Bowe C, deKock C, Godara A, Williams JT. Fruits for the future-2 (Revised Ed.), ber and other jujubes. International Centre for Underutilized Crops, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 2006: 289.9 Plant Science Today, ISSN 2348-1900 (online)
Farrar N, Golestaneh R, Askari H, Assareh MH. Studies on parasitism of Fopius carpomyie (Silvestri) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an egg-pupal parasitoid of ber (konar) fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae), in Bushehr – Iran. Acta Hort. 2009;840:431-38.
Singh S. Management of fruit flies on fruit crops in Punjab. Centre for Communication and International Linkages, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. 2017:64.
Amini A, Lotfalizadeh H, Peris-Felipo FJ, Rasplus JY. Potential parasitoids for biocontrol of the ber fruit fly, Carpomya vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae). Life. 2023:14(1):50. https://doi.org/10.3390/ life14010050.
Mahmoudi H, Amini A, Mirzaee MR, Sadeghi H, Tavakkoli GR. Clonostachys rosea, a new and promising entomopathogenic fungus infecting pupa of jujube fruit fly, Carpomya vesuviana. Mycologia Iranica. 2018;5:43-49.
Sandeep S, Dhaliwal NK, Pathania PC, Sandhu RK. Record of ber butterfly, Leptotes plinius Fabricius, 1793 (Lycanidae:Lepidoptera) on ber and its population dynamics in Punjab, India. Agricultural Research Journal. 2023;60:217-24.
Li JW, Fan LP, Ding SD, Ding XL. Nutritional composition of five cultivars of chinese jujube. Food Chemistry. 2007a:103:454-60.
Dilek Tepe H, Doyuk F. Determination of phytochemical content by chromatographic methods and antioxidant capacity in methanolic extract of jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) and oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.). International Journal of Fruit Science. 2020;20:S1876-S1890.
Liu H, Guo X, Wu J, Liu H, et al. Determination of polyphenols in Chinese jujube using ultra-performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry. Open Chemistry. 2023;21:20220305. https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2022-0305
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 P Kavin, B Usharani, P D Kamalajayanthi, K Suresh, S Sandeep, K N Richard, M L Mini
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licence details of published articles
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Open Access Policy
Plant Science Today is an open access journal. There is no registration required to read any article. All published articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).