Optimization of planting methods and seed coating for enhanced rice seed yield and quality in mechanized farming

V Vakeswaran; B J Harish; J Renugadevi; N Sakthivel; R Jerlin; R Umarani

doi:10.14719/pst.6117

Authors

Vakeswaran V Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-3662
Harish Balaji J Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4555-7471
Renugadevi J Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-1288
Sakthivel N Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Bhavanisagar 638 451, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8248-3812
Jerlin R Seed Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7002-5797
Umarani R Seed Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0139-3101

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.6117

Keywords:

coated and uncoated seeds, mechanized farming, planting methods, rice, seed yield and quality

Abstract

The demand for rice is predicted to rise by over 200 million tons by 2050 due to the rapidly growing population. India needs to step up its rice production because of the burgeoning population and decreasing land and other resources. Existing lower yield in rice caused by improper planting methods, particularly related to transplanting. This research was conducted to understand the effect of planting methods with coated and uncoated seeds to maximize seed yield and quality of rice. A field was raised in a randomized block design (RBD) on different treatments as coated and uncoated seeds with methods of sowings such as drone sowing, drum sowing, machine transplanting and manual transplanting with three replications. The observation on the number of hills m-2, number of tillers m-2, number of productive tillers m 2, number of grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, rice yield m-2 and quality indicators were gathered. The result indicates the maximum seed yield and productive tillers per hill recorded in drone seeding with coated seeds (59.71 q ha-1 and 31.75, respectively) whereas uncoated manual transplanting recorded 51.68 q ha-1 and 25.0 numbers, respectively in rice variety CO 55. Further, results on seed quality parameters revealed that machine transplanting yields higher production with the best seed quality compared to the seeds from drone sowing. It is concluded that drone sowing and machine transplanting are superior in seed yield and quality than conventional manual transplanting. Further research on enhancing the seed productivity through drone sowing on seeding density, population maintenance and productive tiller enhancement can be done.

Downloads

References

Md Roushon Jamal, Land 2023, 12(6), 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12061217

Saha S, Panda B. Rice mechanization in India: Key to enhance productivity and profitability. 2018.

Regmi RC, Kharel R, Regmi R. Effect of planting methods on yield and yield components of spring rice in bardiya, nepal. Acta Scientifica Malaysia. 2020;4(2):61-3. https://doi.org/10.26480/asm.02.2020.61.63

Ponnuswamy K, Santhi P, Chetty N, Subramanian M. Effect of various methods of establishment on the growth and yield of rice. 1999.

Mai W, Abliz B, Xue X. Increased number of spikelets per panicle is the main factor in higher yield of transplanted vs. direct-seeded rice. Agronomy. 2021;11(12):2479. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122479

Ali RI, Iqbal N, Saleem MU, Akhtar M. Effect of different planting methods on economic yield and grain quality of rice. Int J Agric Appl Sci Vol. 2012;4(1).

Hossen MA, Shahriyar MM, Islam S, Paul H, Rahman MM. Rice Transplanting mechanization in Bangladesh: way to make it sustainable. Agricultural Sciences. 2022;13(02):130-49. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2022.132011

Wan J, Qi L, Zhang H, Lu Za, Zhou J, editors. Research status and development trend of UAV broadcast sowing technology in China. ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, July 12-16 , 2021. https://doi.org/10.13031/aim.202100017

Panse, V.G. and Sukhatme, P.V. Statistical methods for agricultural workers. Indian Council of Agricultural Research Publication.1985;87-89.

Pathak H, Tewari A, Sankhyan S, Dubey D, Mina U, Singh VK, et al. Direct-seeded rice: potential, performance and problems-Areview. Current Advances in Agricultural Sciences (An International Journal). 2011;3(2):77-88.

Adhikari B, Mehera B, Haefele S. Impact of rice nursery nutrient management, seeding density and seedling age on yield and yield attributes. 2013. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2013.412A3017

Huang X, Zhang S, Luo C, Li W, Liao Y. Design and experimentation of an aerial seeding system for rapeseed based on an air-assisted centralized metering device and a multi-rotor crop protection UAV. Applied Sciences. 2020;10(24):8854. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248854

Kokila M, Vakeswaran V, Umarani R, Sakthivel N, Ravichandran V. Seed quality enhancement techniques in the production of elite seedlings suitable for machine transplanting in rice. Int J Environ Clim Change. 2023;13(10):1419-26. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102795

Shaikh NY, Alam MA, Kamruzzaman M, Al Mamun MA, Islam AS. Effect of seeding density on mat-type seedling quality for mechanical transplanting in dry season rice. Agricultural Sciences. 2021;12(11):1231-43. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2021.1211078

Kumar VD, Babu HB, Reddy MK. Self-propelled walking behind type rice transplanter–A better alternative for manual transplanting. The Andhra Agricultural Journal. 2012;59(4):630-4.

Raj SK, Mathew R, Jose N, Leenakumary S. Enhancing the productivity and profitability in rice cultivation by planting methods. Madras Agricultural Journal. 2012;99(oct-dec):1. https://doi.org/10.29321/MAJ.10.100189

Bera PS, Mandal A, Bandyopadhyay S, Kundu CK, Patra BC, Gunri SK. Influence of drum seeding and non-chemical weed management at different times in Boro rice production. Environment & Ecology. 2016;34(4D):2509-13.

Chandrasekhararao C, Jitendranath S, Murthy TGK, editors. Resource optimisation in rice through direct seeding by drum seeder. 2013.

Rao AN, Wani SP, Ramesha MS, Ladha JK. Rice Production systems. In: Chauhan BS, Jabran K, Mahajan G, editors. Rice Production Worldwide. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 185-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47516-5_8

Cheng S, Xing Z, Tian C, Liu M, Feng Y, Zhang H. Optimized tillage methods increase mechanically transplanted rice yield and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2024;23(4):1150-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jia.2023.05.033

Verma AK. Decision modeling for mechanization strategies of rice cultivation in Chhattisgarh, india. The Farm Machinery Industry in Japan and Research Activities. 2011;42(1):14.

Bhaskaran M, Santhiya R, Umarani R. Plant hormone based Seed coating formulation enhances seed germination, shelf life, moisture and stress tolerance of ridge gourd. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2017;6(12):5439-47.

Karthi P. Development of hormone based seed coating formulation to improve seed germination and seedling vigour of crop seeds. MSc (Ag) thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. 2017.

Singh SK, Kumari S, Shivay Y, Joshi MA, Tomar B. Effect of date, method of sowing and seed rate on growth, yield and seed quality attributes in garden pea. Vegetable Science. 2018;45(02):220-5. https://doi.org/10.61180/zp08d739

Sandhya R. Development of nutrient seed coating formulation to improve seedling vigour of cotton and maize. M Sc(Ag) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. 2016.

Shinde P, Doddagoudar S, Vasudevan S. Effect of seed polymer coating with micronutrients and foliar spray on seed quality parameters of resultant seed in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). JANS. 2016;8(3):1623-8. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.1012

Suma N, Srimathi P, Sumathi S. Influence of size grading on seed and seedling quality characteristics of Sesamum indicum. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2014;3(6):486-90.