An overview of the genus Anemone L. (Ranunculaceae) in India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2020.7.2.657Keywords:
Distribution, Indo Himalayan Region, Western GhatsAbstract
The present paper documents the genus Anemone L. (Ranunculaceae) from India. A total of 26 taxa (which includes 24 species, one subspecies and one variety) has been recorded from Indo Himalayas. Western Himalaya is endowed with 9 taxa, Eastern Himalaya with 8 taxa, while 9 are common to both the flanks. Three species are present in Northeast India which are common to IHR and one species has also been reported from Western Ghats. This genus constitutes flowering plants of high altitude and maximum diversity has been observed between 2000–3000 m asl. The genus possesses high medicinal potential and needs urgent assessment of taxonomic and conservation status for its sustainable utilization.
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References
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38. Raizada MB. Flora of Mussoorie. Vol. 1. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 1978. p. 11-12
39. Fyson PF. The Flora of the Nilgiri and Pulney Hill-Tops. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun & Periodical Experts, New Delhi; 1974. p. 4
40. Gupta RK. Flora Nainitalensis. A handbook of the flowering plants of Nainital; Navyug Publishers, Meerut; 1968. p. 4-5
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42. Gupta RK. High altitudes of the Himalaya; eds Pangtey, YPS and Rawal, RS Gyanodaya Prakashan, Nainital; 1994
43. Kapur SK, Sarin YK. Flora of Trikuta Hills (Shri Vaishno Devi Shrine). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 1990. p. 71
44. Hoot SB, Phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae based on epidermal microcharacters and micromorphology. Systematic Botany. 1991; 16:741-55. https://doi.org/10.2307/2418876
45. Singh JB, Kachroo P. Forest Flora of Pir Panjal Range (Northwestern Himalaya). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India; 1994. p. 136
46. Ziman SN, Ehrendorfer F, Keener CS, Wang WT, Mosyakin SL, Bulakh EV, Kadota Y. Revision of Anemone sect. Himalayicae (Ranunculaceae) with three new series. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 2007; 64(1):51-99. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428607000765
47. Ganie AH, Tali BA, Khuroo AA, Nawchoo IA. A Taxonomic Note on the Misidentification of Anemone tschernjaewii Regel. in Kashmir Himalaya. Taiwania, 2015 60(1), 54-58
48. Altundag E, Ozturk M. Ethnomedicinal studies on the plant resources of east Anatolia Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011. 19, 756-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.195
49. Moffett AA, Horticultural JI. Chromosome Studies in Anemone L. A New Type of Chiasma Behaviour. 1932. p. 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.4.26
50. Mlinarec J, Franjevi? D, Harapin J, Besendorfer V. The impact of the Tekay chromoviral elements on genome organisation and evolution of Anemone s. l. (Ranunculaceae). Plant Biology. 2016. 18(2), 332-47. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12393
51. Bhatt VP, Negi GCS. Ethnomedicinal plant resources of Jaunsari tribe of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttaranchal. 2006. 5(3), 331-35
52. Bhatti VP, Vashishtha DP. Indigenous plants in traditional healthcare system in Kedarnath valley of Western Himalaya. 2008. 7(2), 300-10
53. Gregory WC. Phylogenetic and cytological studies in the Ranunculaceae Juss. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 1941. 31(5), 443-521. https://doi.org/10.2307/1005611
54. Mao AA, Hynniewta TM, Sanjappa M. Plant wealth of Northeast India with reference to ethnobotany. 2009
55. Chakraborty R, De B, Devanna N, Sen S. North-East India an ethnic storehouse of unexplored medicinal plants. J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2012. 2(1), 143-52
56. Benjamin A, Manickam VS. Medicinal pteridophytes from the Western Ghats. 2007. 6(4), 611-18
57. Zhao CC, Shao JH, Fan JD. A new triterpenoid with antimicrobial activity from Anemone rivularis. Chemistry of natural compounds. 2012. 48(5), 803-05. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-012-0387-x
58. Sun YX, Liu JC, Liu DY. Phytochemicals and bioactivities of Anemone raddeana Regel: A review. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2011. 66(11), 813-21
59. Singh P, Karthigeyan K, Lakshminarasimhan P, & Dash SS. Endemic Vascular Plants of India. Botanical Survey of India. 2015. p. 221
60. Shrestha D, Singh P, & Nakamura K. Spatiotemporal variation of rainfall over the central Himalayan region revealed by TRMM Precipitation Radar. 2012. 117(D22). https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018140
2. Ziman SN, Bulakh EV, Kadota Y, Keener CS. Modern view on the taxonomy of the genus Anemone L. sensu stricto (Ranunculaceae). The Journal of Japanese Botany. 2008; 83:127-55
3. Hao DC, Xiao PG, Ma H, Peng Y, He CN. Mining chemodiversity from biodiversity: pharmacophylogeny of medicinal plants of the Ranunculaceae. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines. 2015;13:507-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(15)30045-5
4. Hao DC, Gu X, Xiao P. Anemone medicinal plants: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biology. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2017;7(2):146-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2016.12.001
5. Hooker JD. Flora of British India. Vol. 1. L. Reeve & Co. Ltd., Ashford, Kent, England; 1872. p. 7-10
6. Blatter E. Beautiful Flowers of Kashmir. Vol. 1. International Book Distributors, Dehradun; 1984. p. 5-8
7. Nasir YJ. Flora of Pakistan: Ranunculaceae. Department of Botany, University of Karachi; 1991
8. Rau MA. Ranunculaceae. In: Flora of India. Vol. 1. Eds. Sharma BD, Balkrishnan NP, Rao RR, Hajra PK. BSI, Calcutta; 1993. p. 27-41
9. Wang Wencai, Svetlana N. Ziman, Bryan E. Dutton. Anemone Linn. Flora of China. Vol. 6. Science Press/Missouri Botanical Garden, Beijing/St. Louis; 2001. p. 1-538
10. Chowdhery HJ, Wadhwa BM. Flora of Himachal Pradesh. Vol. 1. BSI, Calcutta; 1984. p. 4-7
11. Singh G, Kachroo P. Forest Flora of Srinagar and Plants of Neighbourhood. Bishen Singh, Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun; 1976. p. 160-61
12. Smith WW, Cave GH. Records of the Botanical Survey of India. Vol. 4 - 5; 1911. p. 167-68
13. Naithani BD. Flora of Chamoli. Vol. 1. BSI, Calcutta; 1985. p. 28-29
14. Uniyal BP, Sharma JR, Choudhery U, Singh DK. Flowering Plants of Uttarakhand (A checklist); 2007. p. 65
15. Hajra PK, Verma DM, Giri GS. Materials for the Flora of Arunachal Pradesh. Vol.1. BSI, Calcutta; 1996. p. 46-48
16. Duthie JF. Catalogue Plants Kumaon Adjacent Portions Garhwal & Tibet; 1906. p. 2
17. Mao AA, Gogoi R. Flora of the Dziiko/Dzukou Valley, Nagaland. BSI; 2016. p. 42-43
18. Lawrence WR. The Valley of Kashmir. London; 1895. p. 84
19. Sharma BM, Kachroo P. Flora of Jammu & Plant of Neighbourhood. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 1981. p. 90
20. Swami A, Gupta BK. Flora of Udampur; Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh: Dehradun, India; 1998. p. 30-31
21. Nair NC. Flora of Bashahr Himalayas. International Bioscience Publishers, Hissar. 1977. p. 6-8
22. Coventry BO. Wild flowers of Kashmir. Series I. Lawrence & Co. Ltd. London; 1923. p. 5-8
23. Dhaliwal DS, Sharma M. Flora of Kullu District (Himachal Pradesh). BSMPS, Dehra Dun; 1999. p. 96-97
24. Kaur H, Sharma M. Flora of Sirmaur (Himachal Pradesh). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun. 2004. p. 113-15
25. Aswal BS, Mehrotra BN, Flora of Lahaul - Spiti, Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun; 1999, p. 48-51
26. Pusalkar PK, Singh DK. Flora of Gangotri National Park. Western Himalaya, India. BSI, Calcutta; 2012. p. 92-93
27. Sharma BM, Jamwal PS. Flora of Upper Lidder Valleys of Kashmir Himalaya. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur; 1988. p. 55-56
28. Singh SK, Rawat GS. Flora of Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 2000. p. 47-49
29. Collett H. Flora Simlensis. A handbook of the flowering plants of Simla and the neighbourhood. Thacker, Spink & Co. London; 1921. p. 4-6. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.138665
30. Rai ID, Singh G, Rawat GS. Plants of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun (India); 2017. p. 62-64
31. Hajra PK, Balodi B. Plant wealth of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve. BSI, Calcutta; 1995. p. 34-36
32. Kanjilal UN. Forest flora of the Chakrata, Dehradun and Saharanpur forest divisions. United provinces; 1928. p. 35
33. Rana TS, Datt B, Rao RR. Flora of Tons Valley Garhwal Himalaya (Uttaranchal); Vedams eBooks (P) Ltd (New Delhi, India); 2003. p. 46-47
34. Gaur RD. Flora of the District Garhwal North West Himalaya (with Ethnobotanical notes). Transmedia, Srinagar; 1999. p. 66
35. Sekar KC, Srivastava SK. Flora of the Pin Valley National Park, Himachal Pradesh. Botanical Survey of India; 2009. p. 30
36. Nair NC, Henry AN. Flora of Tamil Nadu, India. Vol. 1. Botanical Survey of India; 1983. p. 1
37. Fischer C E C. A survey of the flora of the Anamalai Hills in the Coimbatore District, Madras Presidency. Records of Botanical survey of India. 1921;9(1): 1–218
38. Raizada MB. Flora of Mussoorie. Vol. 1. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 1978. p. 11-12
39. Fyson PF. The Flora of the Nilgiri and Pulney Hill-Tops. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun & Periodical Experts, New Delhi; 1974. p. 4
40. Gupta RK. Flora Nainitalensis. A handbook of the flowering plants of Nainital; Navyug Publishers, Meerut; 1968. p. 4-5
41. Hara H. The flora of Eastern Himalaya. Vol 3. University of Tokyo, Japan; 2008. p. 35-36
42. Gupta RK. High altitudes of the Himalaya; eds Pangtey, YPS and Rawal, RS Gyanodaya Prakashan, Nainital; 1994
43. Kapur SK, Sarin YK. Flora of Trikuta Hills (Shri Vaishno Devi Shrine). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun; 1990. p. 71
44. Hoot SB, Phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae based on epidermal microcharacters and micromorphology. Systematic Botany. 1991; 16:741-55. https://doi.org/10.2307/2418876
45. Singh JB, Kachroo P. Forest Flora of Pir Panjal Range (Northwestern Himalaya). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India; 1994. p. 136
46. Ziman SN, Ehrendorfer F, Keener CS, Wang WT, Mosyakin SL, Bulakh EV, Kadota Y. Revision of Anemone sect. Himalayicae (Ranunculaceae) with three new series. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 2007; 64(1):51-99. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428607000765
47. Ganie AH, Tali BA, Khuroo AA, Nawchoo IA. A Taxonomic Note on the Misidentification of Anemone tschernjaewii Regel. in Kashmir Himalaya. Taiwania, 2015 60(1), 54-58
48. Altundag E, Ozturk M. Ethnomedicinal studies on the plant resources of east Anatolia Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011. 19, 756-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.195
49. Moffett AA, Horticultural JI. Chromosome Studies in Anemone L. A New Type of Chiasma Behaviour. 1932. p. 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.4.26
50. Mlinarec J, Franjevi? D, Harapin J, Besendorfer V. The impact of the Tekay chromoviral elements on genome organisation and evolution of Anemone s. l. (Ranunculaceae). Plant Biology. 2016. 18(2), 332-47. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12393
51. Bhatt VP, Negi GCS. Ethnomedicinal plant resources of Jaunsari tribe of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttaranchal. 2006. 5(3), 331-35
52. Bhatti VP, Vashishtha DP. Indigenous plants in traditional healthcare system in Kedarnath valley of Western Himalaya. 2008. 7(2), 300-10
53. Gregory WC. Phylogenetic and cytological studies in the Ranunculaceae Juss. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 1941. 31(5), 443-521. https://doi.org/10.2307/1005611
54. Mao AA, Hynniewta TM, Sanjappa M. Plant wealth of Northeast India with reference to ethnobotany. 2009
55. Chakraborty R, De B, Devanna N, Sen S. North-East India an ethnic storehouse of unexplored medicinal plants. J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2012. 2(1), 143-52
56. Benjamin A, Manickam VS. Medicinal pteridophytes from the Western Ghats. 2007. 6(4), 611-18
57. Zhao CC, Shao JH, Fan JD. A new triterpenoid with antimicrobial activity from Anemone rivularis. Chemistry of natural compounds. 2012. 48(5), 803-05. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-012-0387-x
58. Sun YX, Liu JC, Liu DY. Phytochemicals and bioactivities of Anemone raddeana Regel: A review. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2011. 66(11), 813-21
59. Singh P, Karthigeyan K, Lakshminarasimhan P, & Dash SS. Endemic Vascular Plants of India. Botanical Survey of India. 2015. p. 221
60. Shrestha D, Singh P, & Nakamura K. Spatiotemporal variation of rainfall over the central Himalayan region revealed by TRMM Precipitation Radar. 2012. 117(D22). https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018140
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01-04-2020
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Rajput P, Agnihotri P. An overview of the genus Anemone L. (Ranunculaceae) in India. Plant Sci. Today [Internet]. 2020 Apr. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];7(2):136-41. Available from: https://horizonepublishing.com/journals/index.php/PST/article/view/657
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