Plants are the repositories of the bioactive principles which are known for their usage in modern and traditional medicine. The bioactive principles act as armoured knights by either preventing or slowing down the degenerative diseases. The efficacy and therapeutic value of the phytocompounds make them very much suitable to serve as leads for drug development. Prosopis juliflora, also known as mesquite, is a thorny deciduous plant which is drought resistant and fast growing. P. juliflora is well known for its ethnobotanical significance. The abundant number of secondary metabolites present in P. juliflora contributes to its therapeutic potential. These phytocompounds attribute to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. This review encompasses the various biomedical properties of P. julifora and its applications in the drug development.