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Plant Science Today (PST)

Review Articles

Vol. 12 No. sp4 (2025): Recent Advances in Agriculture by Young Minds - III

Impact of biochar on soil health and plant development: A review

DOI
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.9070
Submitted
24 April 2025
Published
01-12-2025

Abstract

Biochar is a highly stable form of carbon produced by heating organic material (like wood or agricultural waste) in a low-oxygen environment. It improves soil structure by enhancing water retention, aeration and nutrient availability. This is especially helpful in degraded or sandy soils. Biochar is a long-term carbon sink, meaning it can lock carbon in the soil for hundreds or even thousands of years, helping mitigate climate change by reducing the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere. It can act like a sponge for nutrients, holding them in the soil and releasing them slowly, which can reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers and lower the risk of nutrient leaching into water systems. Biochar supports beneficial soil microbes, improving soil health and potentially leading to better crop yields. It provides a sustainable use for agricultural and forestry waste, reducing landfill waste and improving the overall sustainability of farming practices. Biochar offers a way to enhance soil productivity while addressing environmental concerns like climate change and waste management. Biochar is a highly stable form of carbon produced by heating organic material (like wood or agricultural waste) in a low-oxygen environment. Biochar has the potential to increase conventional agricultural productivity and enhance the ability of farmers to participate in carbon markets beyond the traditional approach by directly applying carbon into the soil. In view of this context, the biochar plays a significant role in crop productivity and improving soil health.

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