The assessment of winter wheat agrocenoses adaptivity in the conditions of the submontane zone of the Central Caucasus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2020.7.4.925Keywords:
Ontogenetic adaptability, Homeostaticity of the plants, Productivity, Ecological plasticity, Mixed varietiesAbstract
The article presents the results of 3 years study on the adaptation of the properties of various winter wheat varieties to the conditions of the submontane zone of the Central Caucasus. The indicator of the ontogenetic adaptability was the homeostaticity of the plants. We have studied thirty winter wheat varieties according to the parameters of ecological plasticity, productivity and resistance to the destructive complex of diseases and pests like Fusarium head blight, brown and yellow rust, Septoria blight, tan spot etc. The yield of the mixed variety crops was 4.5 t/ha; the increase was 9%. In the crops of the triple mixture of the strong Veda and Delta varieties (25%) with the valuable Batko variety (50%), which differed in resistance to various diseases, the average yield of 52 cwt/ha was obtained with the protein content of 12%, the gluten content of 28% and the flour strength of 320 a.u. The authors used the resistance of the precocious Kuma variety to the damage by the cereal leaf beetle as a protective screening crop along with the field perimeter. Such a screening crop of the stable variety prevents the colonization of the crops of the other less resistant varieties with pests. The genetic diversity of the variety creates the conditions for regulating and stabilizing the phytosanitary state of the crops and increasing their productivity. With this agrotechnical method, it becomes possible to regulate and stabilize the phytosanitary situation in the fields and to increase grain productivity and quality.
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Copyright (c) 2020 I. R. Manukyan, E.S. Miroshnikova, V.I. Gasiev, T.S. Abieva, N.L. Machneva, S.S. Skamarokhova, D.A. Yurin
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