Studies on in vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle

Bhagyeswari Behera; Kunja Bihari Satapathy

doi:10.14719/pst.2312

Authors

Bhagyeswari Behera Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3187-6462
Kunja Bihari Satapathy Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2312

Keywords:

Hydrilla verticillata, Antibiotic resistant, Antibacterial, Antioxidant activities

Abstract

The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle by examining its antibacterial and antioxidant properties in in vitro condition. For this study the methanolic and n -hexane extracts of Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle was tested against 5 pathogenic bacteria such as “Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri and Vibrio choleriae” by using agar well diffusion method and for antioxidant activity DPPH scavenging assay was carried out. An antibiotic Ciprofloxacin was taken as reference. The result of the study revealed that, the n-hexane extract of H. verticillata showed highest zone of inhibition against Enterococcus faecalis (20±1.41 mm) and least against Vibrio choleriae (12±1.63 mm) at concentration of 15 mg/mL. While, methanolic extract showed highest zone of inhibition against Shigella flexneri (26±0.75 mm) and the least zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae (20±1.24 mm). The significant result for anti-oxidant activity was evaluated. The IC50 value of n-hexane and methanolic extracts were 36.26 and 16.84 respectively. The methanolic extract was found to be having better result than n-hexane extract. The n-hexane ex-tract showed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenoids and polyphenolic compounds, tannin, glycoside while phytoconstituents like alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoid, glycosides, triterpenoids and poly- phenolic compounds were found to be present in methanolic extract of H. verticillata. Further study can be done on the evaluation of secondary metabolites compound analysis for therapeutic effect.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Kamali HH, Amir MYEL. Antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of ethanolic extracts obtained from selected sudanese medicinal plants. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences. 2010; 2(2):143-46.

Lalitha P, Arathi KA, Shubasini K, Hemalatha S, Jayanti P. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of an ornamental foliage plant, Pothos aurea (Linden ex Andre). An International Journal of Chemistry. 2010;1(2):63-71.

Hussain H, Badawy A, Elshazly A, Krohn K, Riaz M, Schulz B. Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of Salix subserrata. Records of Natural Product. 2011;5(2):133-37.

Preethi R, Devanathan VV, Loganathan M. Antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacy of some medicinal plants against food borne pathogens. Advance In Biological Research. 2010;4(2):122-25.

Sharma H. Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of some arid zone plants.International Journal of Pharma Tech Research. 2011;3(1):283-86.

Enne VL, Livermore DM, Stephens P. Persistence of sulphonamide resistance in Escherichia coli in the UK despite national prescribing restriction. The Lancet. 2001;28:1325-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04519-0

Westh H, Zinn CS, Rosdah VT. An international multicenter study of antimicrobial consumption and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 15 hospitals in 14 countries. Microbial Drug Resistance. 2004;10:169-76. https://doi.org/10.1089/1076629041310019

Davies J, Davies D. Origins and evolution of antibiotic resistance. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 2010;74(3):417-33. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00016-10.

Khatoon A, Arzoo A, Mohapatra A, Satapathy KB. Studies on in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activities of Eucalyptus globulus Labill leaf. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research. 2017;9:140-42.

Khan A, Aung TT, Chaudhuri D. The first case of native mitral valve endocarditis due to Micrococcus luteus and review of the literature. Case Report in Cardiology. 2019;5907319. Published Dec 4. doi:10.1155/2019/5907319.

Anne, Eady E, Patricia C, Jeremy I, Ross, Hamid A, Ratyal, Jonathan H. Antibiotic resistance patterns of aerobic coryneforms and furazolidone-resistant gram-positive Cocci from the skin surface of the human axilla and fourth toe cleft. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2000;46(2):205-13. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/46.2.205

Liebl W, Kloos WE, Ludwig W. Plasmid-borne macrolide resistance in Micrococcus luteus. Microbiology (Reading). 2002;Aug;148(Pt 8):2479-87. doi: 10.1099/00221287-148-8-2479. PMID: 12177341. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-148-8-2479

Ramírez-Castillo FY, Moreno-Flores AC, Avelar-González FJ, Márquez-Díaz F, Harel, Guerrero-Barrera AL. An evaluation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in urinary tract infections from Aguascalientes, Mexico: cross-sectional study. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials. 2018;17(1):34. doi:10.1186/s12941-018-0286-5.

Kim H, Park SW, Park JM, Moon KH, Lee CK. Screening and isolation of antibiotic resistance inhibitors from herb material Resistance Inhibition of 21 Korean plants. Natural Product Science. 1995;1:50-54.

Alagesaboopathi C. Antimicrobial potential and phytochemical screening of Andrographis affinis Nees an endemic medicinal plant from India. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2011;3(2):157-59.

Ahmad, Beg AZ. Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants against multiple drug resistant human pathogens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2011;74:113-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00335-4

Lal AA, Murthy PB, Pillai KS. Screening of hepatoprotective effect of a herbal mixture against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2007;28:201-07.

Rasoanaivo P, Wright CW, Willcox WL, Gilbert B. Whole plant extracts versus single compounds for the treatment of malaria: synergy and positive interactions. Malaria Journal. 2011;10:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-S1-S4

Pal DK, Nimse S. Little known uses of common aquatic plant, Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.) Royle. Natural Product Radience. 2006;5:108-11.

Saxena HO, Brahmam MM. The flora of Orissa. Orissa Forest Development Corporation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. 1-4:1994-96.

Khatoon, A, Jethi S, Nayak SK, Sahoo S, Mohapatra A, Satapathy KB. Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Melia azedarach L. bark. IOSR. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences. 2014;9(6):14-17. https://doi.org/10.9790/3008-09641417

Siddiqui S, Verma A, Rather AA, Jabeen F, Meghvansi MK. Preliminary phytochemicals analysis of some important medicinal and aromatic plants. Advance in Biological Research. 2009;3(5-6):188-95.

Harborne JB. Phytochemical methods-A guide to modern technique of plant analysis. Chapman and Hall, UK, 3rd ed. 1998;1-5.

Kokate CK. Practical Pharmacognosy. 4th ed., Vallabh Prakashan, New Delhi. 2005;7-9.

Liyanapathirana C, Shahidi F. Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat using response surface methodology. Food Chemistry. 2005;93(1):47-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.08.050.

Balouiri M, Sadiki M, Ibnsouda SKN. Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2016;6:71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005

Silva BA, Ferreres F, Malva JO, Dias ACP. Phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of Hypericum perforatum alcoholic extracts. Food Chemistry. 2005;90:157-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.03.049

Meena H, Pandey HK, Pandey P, Arya MC, Ahmed Z. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of two important memory enhancing medicinal plants Bacopa monnieri and Centella asiatica. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 2012;44(1):114-17. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.91880.

Tanaka M, Kuei CW, Nagashima Y, Taguchi T. Application of antioxidative maillrad reaction products from histidine and glucose to sardine products. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi. 1998;54:1409-14. https://doi.org/10.2331/suisan.54.1409

Tyagi T, Agarwal M. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of bioactive constituents in the ethanolic extract of Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2017;6(1):195-206.

Muthazhagan K, Thirunavukkarasu P, Ramanathan T, Kannan D. Studies on phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and anti radical scavenging effect coastal salt mash plant of a Suaeda monoica. Research Journal of Phytochemistry. 2014;8:102-11. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjphyto.2014.102.111

Rout NP, Shaw BP. Salt tolerance in aquatic macrophytes: possible involvement of the antioxidative enzymes. Plant Science. 2001;160(3):415-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(00)00406-4

Prabha PS, Rajkumar J. Phytochemical screening and bioactive potential of Hydrilla verticillata. Journal of Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Research. 2015;7(3):1809-15.