Exploring root system architecture and its importance in solanaceous vegetables: A review

K Indhumathi; M Sangeetha; KR Saravanan; M Deivamani; MA Vennila; K Sivakumar

doi:10.14719/pst.4878

Authors

K Indhumathi Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Papparapatty, Dharmapuri 636 809, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-1125
M Sangeetha Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Papparapatty, Dharmapuri 636 809, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1139-5402
KR Saravanan Agricultural College & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kudumiyanmalai, Pudukottai 622 104, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4464-6393
M Deivamani Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Papparapatty, Dharmapuri 636 809, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9156-5274
MA Vennila Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Papparapatty, Dharmapuri 636 809, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4512-0949
K Sivakumar Department of Soil Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-0697

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.4878

Keywords:

crop productivity, root stock, root system architecture, solanum, stress tolerance

Abstract

The root system architecture (RSA) in solanaceous vegetables has become an exciting area of research, uncovering complex networks essential for plant development, nutrient absorption, and resistance. This review delves into the comprehensive scope of research surrounding roots, shedding light on their dynamic nature and implications for agricultural practices. The Solanaceae family comprises of various vegetables, including tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, and eggplants, each with distinct root systems. Innovative methodologies have uncovered the complex and adaptive nature of these root systems. Roots of solanaceous vegetables have plasticity, reflecting their capacity to adjust to soil conditions, nutrient availability, and stressors. From the taproot structures in potatoes to the fibrous nature of tomato roots, this review synthesizes findings to elucidate the mechanisms behind root development and responses to environmental stimuli. Furthermore, the symbiotic associations between solanaceous crop roots and soil microorganisms have attracted significant interest. Understanding the intricate interactions between root exudates, microbial communities, and nutrient cycling opens avenues for sustainable agriculture, emphasizing the role of root architecture in fostering beneficial soil ecosystems. The implications of many research studies on RSA extend beyond academic interest and play a role in improving crop productivity. Understanding root system architecture enables breeders and agronomists to create cultivars with superior root characteristics, hence enhancing crop output, water-use efficiency, and resilience to abiotic challenges. Nonetheless, certain gaps persist, requiring additional investigation. A deeper investigation into the molecular mechanisms governing root development in solanaceous vegetables, particularly under changing climate scenarios is important for future research.

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