Genetic variability and association studies in F2 populations of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

M H Dharvesh; M Umadevi; R Kalaiyarasi; K Vanitha; R Rajeswari

doi:10.14719/pst.5241

Authors

M H Dharvesh Department of Oilseeds, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, India https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9075-7176
M Umadevi Department of Oilseeds, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-6654
R Kalaiyarasi Department of Oilseeds, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-1061
K Vanitha Department of Crop Physiology,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8516-9275
R Rajeswari Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-5420

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.5241

Keywords:

broad sense heritability, correlation coefficient, Groundnut, path coefficient, variability

Abstract

Groundnut is an extensively self-pollinating crop with a narrow genetic base; therefore, it relies on the F2 generation for optimal segregation and recombination. The genetic variability resulting from segregation and re- combination is essential for effective selection in crop improvement pro- grammes. F2 populations derived from the crosses BSR 2 × GPBD 4 and BSR 2 × TMV 2 were assessed for examining genetic variation, and correla- tion coefficients along path coefficients. Twenty-four yield-attributing, physiological, as well as biochemical characteristics were covered in the research, in the Kharif season of 2024. The assessment of the PCV along with GCV revealed that a majority of yield-related traits, including the number of pods, kernels, and pod yield, demonstrated high PCV along with GCV in both crosses, indicating substantial genetic variation. Regarding yield-related characteristics, high GAM along with high heritability in a broad sense were noted for both the crosses, suggesting that a breeding approach based on simple selection can be successful in increasing groundnut yield. Correla- tion and path coefficients indicated that the number of mature kernels and pod yield calculated for each plant possessed a high positive direct effect on kernel yield. Transgressive segregants were identified over twice the stand- ard deviation of the better parent mean for various traits. These findings can serve as a foundation for future breeding programmes aimed at enhancing the yield and oil content.

Downloads

References

Nayak A, Lokesha H, Gracy C. Growth and instability analysis of groundnut production in India and Karnataka. Economic Affairs. 2021. https://doi.org/10.46852/0424-2513.1.2021.8

Meena M, Khunt K, Husen K. Sources of growth to Indian groundnut: A state-wise decomposition analysis. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 2018;52(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.18805/IJARe.A-4947

Ajith P, Rani RK, Kumar M, Brindavathy R, Thiruvarassan S. Variability and association analyses in F2 populations of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 2023;14(3):948-53. https://doi.org/10.37992/2023.1403.107

Ogunniyan DJ, Olakojo SA. Genetic variation, heritability, genetic advance and agronomic character association of yellow elite inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.). Nigerian Journal of Genetics. 2014;28(2):24-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nigjg.2015.06.005

Kumar N, Ajay B, Rathanakumar A, Radhakrishnan T, Mahatma M, Kona P, et al. Assessment of genetic variability for yield and quality traits in groundnut genotypes. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 2019;10(1):196-206. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2019.00023.1

Shashikumara P, Sanjeev B, Venkataravana P. Assessment of genetic variability and identification of transgressive segregants for pod yield and its component traits in F2 segregating generation of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L). International Journal of Farm Sciences. 2016;6(4):53-60.

Johnson HW, Robinson H, Comstock R. Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybeans. Agronomy Journal.1955;47:314-18. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1955.00021962004700070009x

Al-Jibouri HA, Miller P, Robinson H. Genotypic and environmental variances and covariances in an upland Cotton cross of interspecific origin. Agronomy Journal. 1958;50(10):633-36. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1958.00021962005000100020x

Dewey DR, Lu K. A correlation and path-coefficient analysis of components of crested wheatgrass seed production. Agronomy Journal. 1959;51(9):515-18. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1959.00021962005100090002x

Manivannan N. TNAUSTAT-Statistical package; 2014. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/tnaustat

Mitra M, Gantait S, Kundu R. Genetic variability, character association and genetic divergence in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) accessions. Legume Research- An International Journal. 2021;44(2):164-69. https://doi.org/10.18805/LR-4123

Kannappan PA, Viswanathan P, Manivannan N, Rajendran L. Variability, correlation and path analyses in segregating population of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 2022;13(3):1099-104. https://doi.org/10.37992/2022.1303.149

(2):476-81.

Shuro AR. Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes at Assosa and Kamashi, Western Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 2021;10(5):189-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211005.14

Shendekar S, Gulwane V, Yadav TV, Madhu B, Meshram M, Gadpayale D, et al. Genetic variability, mean performance studies in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under controlled environmental condition. The Pharma Innovation Journal. 2023;12(5):3221-24.

Vinithashri G, Manivannan N, Viswanathan P, Selvakumar T. Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of yield and related traits in F3 generation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 2019;10(3):1292-97. https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2019.00165.0

Mohapatra N, Khan H. Character association and path analysis in F3 segregating generations for yield and its component traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2020;9(4):794-99. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.907.266

Byadagi UR, Venkataravana P, Priyadarshini S. Character association studies between pod yield and its attributes in F2 populations derived from three connected crosses of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2018;7(5):3135-38.

Reddy AT, Sekhar MR, Vijayabharathi A, Pathy TL, Reddy GL, Jayalakshmi V. Correlation and path analysis of kernel yield and its components in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 2017;6(12):10-16. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.002

Godhani P, Jivani L, Patel B, Raval L. Character association and path coefficient analysis studies for quantitative traits in F3 generation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences. 2020;8(6):190-99. https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8450

Sridevi S, Meenakumari B, Manivannan N, Ravichandran V. Assessment of genetic variability, character association and path analysis of kernel yield and yield components in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 2022;13(2):476-81. https://doi.org/10.37992/2022.1302.096